In this paper, we analyze spare parts supply for a system with a “k-outof-N” redundancy structure for key components, different standby policies (cold, warm and hot standby redundancy) and local spare parts inventories for sub-components. We assume multiple part types (sub-components) that fail randomly with exponentially distributed interfailure times. Due to the standby policies and the limit...

To address the increasingly important energy efficiency problem, a Standby-Sparing scheme has been studied previously to reduce the energy consumption in dual-processor fault-tolerant systems. However, the dedicated (spare) processor in the Standby-Sparing scheme needs to execute backup tasks at full speed to preserve system reliability and thus cannot effectively exploit its available slack ti...

The combination of N-modular redundancy (NMR) and standby sparing has resulted in a promising redundancy technique for protecting those portions of a fault-tolerant system whose continuous real-time operation is essential. This technique, known as hybrid redundancy, uses N + Sp identical modules. N of these are connected to a majority voter to form an NMR core. The remaining Sp are used as stan...

Suppressing the leakage current in memories in standby mode is the key to save power in modern SoC mobile application. Scaling / to its limits can reduce leakage power 2-5 times. In this paper, we are going explore the literature and propose that in addition to supply scaling, adaptive body biasing can improve PVT variation tolerance to achieve further standby leakage power reduction. 1.0 Intro...

Introduction The NCP1219 is the newest part in the NCP12XX family of current−mode flyback controllers. The controller features dynamic self supply (DSS), eliminating the need for external startup circuitry, contributing to a cost effective, low parts count flyback controller design. The NCP1219 also includes a user programmable skip cycle threshold, reducing power dissipation at light loads and...

This paper presents a study of interval analysis for solving cold-standby system reliability optimization problems with considering parameter uncertainty. Most works reported in existing literature have been based on the assumption that the probabilistic properties and statistical parameters have a known functional form, which is usually not the case. Very often the parameters are presented in ...

Liquid metals are promising heat transfer fluids since they remain liquid in a wide temperature range and can efficiently due to their high thermal conductivity. A first-of-its-kind lab-scale energy storage system with filler material lead-bismuth as fluid is currently tested at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, while 100-kWh under construction. This numerical study aims analyse influence ...

Scaling and power reduction trends in future technologies will cause subthreshold leakage currents to become an increasingly large component of total power dissipation. As a result, new techniques are needed in order to provide high performance and low power circuit operation. This dissertation develops new circuit techniques that exploit dual threshold voltages and body biasing in order to red...

The concerned paper illustrates the comparison of two stochastic models of a cable manufacturing plant with varying demand. Here, it shows the comparison between a single unit system (Model 1) and a two-unit cold standby system (Model 2). In Model 1, the system is either in working state on some demand or put to shut down mode on no demand. In Model 2, at initial stage, one of the units is oper...