Kinesin and dynein are fundamental components of intracellular transport, but their interactions when simultaneously present on cargos are unknown. We built an optical trap that can be calibrated in vivo during data acquisition for each individual cargo to measure forces in living cells. Comparing directional stall forces in vivo and in vitro, we found evidence that cytoplasmic dynein is active...

A SMT processor can fetch and issue instructions from multiple independent hardware threads at every CPU cycle. Therefore, hardware resources are shared among the concurrently-running threads at a very fine grain level, which can increase the utilization of processor pipeline. However, the concurrently-running threads in a SMT processor may interfere with each other and stall the CPU pipeline. ...

Active controllers that allow the compressor to operate safely at its peak pressure rise point by preventing surge and controlling entry into rotating stall need to be globally stabilizing. Bifurcation methods have emerged as a useful tool for the analysis of global stability and control of nonlinear dynamical systems such as the axial compressor. In this paper we show how bifurcation analysis ...

AD-P004 168 AD-P004 169 TITLE: Superroaneuverability. Wing Rock Flov Phenomena. Potential Applications of Forced Unsteady Flows. Unsteady Stall Penetration of an Oscillating Swept Wing. Simultaneous Flow Visualization and Unsteady Lift Measurement on an Oscillating Lifting Surface. A Visual Study of a Delta Wing in Steady and Unsteady Motion. Comparative Visualization of Accelerating Flow aroun...

The signaling mechanisms for glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored receptors (GPI-ARs) have been investigated by tracking single molecules in living cells. Upon the engagement or colloidal gold-induced cross-linking of CD59 (and other GPI-ARs) at physiological levels, CD59 clusters containing three to nine CD59 molecules were formed, and single molecules of Galphai2 or Lyn (GFP conjugates) exhi...

Dynamic stall is an aerodynamic phenomenon encountered when rotorcraft operate near performance boundaries typical of high-speed or maneuvering flight. The complex, highly non-linear aerodynamics and associated interaction with the structures induce exceptionally high loads, violent vibrations, reduced handling qualities, and a reduction in fatigue life. The prediction of dynamic stall remains ...

A self-popped up flap is added to the airfoil (S809) suction surface improve aerodynamic performance under large angle of attack (AOA) inspired by slightly popped feathers on trailing edge a bird’s wing. The response methodology (RSM) optimization H, D, and θ conducted. lift–drag ratio an taken as target, Box–Behnken design adopted experiment scheme for θ. Multivariate quadratic polynomials are...

The goal of this work is to develop low order dynamical systems models for the unsteady lift and drag forces on small wings in various modes of flight, and to better understand the physical characteristics of unsteady laminar separation. Velocity field and body force data for a flat plate at static angle of attack and in sinusoidal pitch and plunge maneuvers are generated by 2D direct numerical...

Pulsatile two-dimensional flow through static divergent models of the human vocal folds is investigated. Although the motivation for this study is speech production, the results are generally applicable to a variety of engineering flows involving pulsatile flow through diffusers. Model glottal divergence angles of 10, 20, and 40 represent various geometries encountered in one phonation cycle. F...

Mycoplasma mobile is a bacterium that uses a unique mechanism to glide on solid surfaces at a velocity of up to 4.5 μm/s. Its gliding machinery comprises hundreds of units that generate the force for gliding based on the energy derived from ATP; the units catch and pull sialylated oligosaccharides fixed to solid surfaces. In this study, we measured the stall force of wild-type and mutant strain...