The study examines the concept of stochastic convergence in the EU28 countries over the 1994–2013 period. The convergence of individual countries’ GDP per capita towards the EU28 average per capita income level and the pairwise convergence between the GDP of individual countries are both analyzed. Additionally, we introduce our own concept of conditional stochastic convergence which is based on...

This paper re-examines the stationarity of national health care expenditures and GDP in a panel setting utilizing data from 20 OECD countries over the period from 1960 to 1997. Previous research in this area has recognized the drawback of not allowing for structural breaks in their unit root tests and noted that their empirical results may not be robust. We advance the literature by utilizing a...

Research background: Business profit and its stable development are key performance indicators. Many enterprises performed earnings manipulation, either upward or downward, according to the current business macroeconomic situation, as well time. These activities may interrupt stationarity of time series. This article focuses on transport enterprises, assessment bonds in their earnings. Purpose ...

introduction: studying the hydrological cycle, especially in large scales such as water catchments, is difficult and complicated despite the fact that the numbers of hydrological components are limited. this complexity rises from complex interactions between hydrological components and environment. recognition, determination and modeling of all interactive processes are needed to address this i...

We study several ideal-based constructions in the context of singular stationarity. By combining methods of strong ideals, supercompact embeddings, and Prikry-type posets, we obtain three consistency results concerning mutually stationary sets, and answer a question of Foreman and Magidor ([7]) concerning stationary sequences on the first uncountable cardinals, אn, 1 ≤ n < ω.

This article continues the investigation of stationarity and regularity properties of infinite collections of sets in a Banach space started in Kruger and López: J Optim. Theory Appl. 154(2) (2012), and is mainly focused on the application of the stationarity criteria to infinitely constrained optimization problems. We consider several settings of optimization problems, which involve (explicitl...

We introduce a notion called “intrinsic location functional”. This is a large family of random locations including, for example, the location of the path supremum/infimum over an interval, the first/last hitting time, among many others. On one hand, it is proved that under stationarity, the distributions of intrinsic location functionals must satisfy the same very specific constraints, in spite...