Response modification factor (R-factor) is one of the seismic design parameters to consider nonlinear performance of building structures during strong earthquake. Relying on this, many seismic design codes led to reduce earthquake loads imposed to the structure. The present paper tries to evaluate the R-factors of conventional concentric braced frames (CBFs) and special moment frames (MRFs) in ...

One of the major purposes of optimization in civil engineering is to perform a suitable design for the structure. This goal has to fulfill technical criteria and contain the minimum economical costs. Building frames are of the most customary civil engineering structures. Therefore, optimization of these types of structures could be of a great concern from the economical viewpoints. One of the c...

Steel braced frames are commonly used in steel structures to control and improve the seismic performance of under severe lateral forces such as an earthquake. So, providing better formability would help designers achieve their desire level. This study is focused on utilizing curved dampers ductile frame instead using knee elements provide energy dissipation, strength, elastic stiffness during c...