Steel production is energy intensive so already has achieved impressive levels of energy efficiency. If the emissions associated with steel must be reduced in line with the requirements of the UK Climate Change Act, demand for new steel must be reduced. The strategies of 'material efficiency' aim to achieve such a reduction, while delivering the same final services. To meet the emissions target...

In recent years, there has been increased discussion of the strength of vehicle roofs in rollover crashes. NHTSA recently revised the federal roof strength requirement and the IIHS has published an even more stringent roof strength goal. While working to increase roof strength, automakers are also working to reduce vehicle mass for improved fuel economy and other benefits. Developing technology...

IN order to remain competitive in the worldwide market for continuously cast steel, steel producers are finding it increasingly important to implement process control improvements. Through superior production process monitoring and control, producers are improving steel quality and are meeting customers’ requirements for steel size, grade, quantity, and properties at the lowest cost. Computer m...

Optical microscopy, total oxygen measurements and slime tests have been conducted to quantify the size distribution and amount of inclusions at various processing steps during basic oxygen furnace (BOF) based steel production at Baosteel. The effects on steel cleanliness of specific operational improvements during steel refining and continuous casting have been investigated. Such improvements t...

In steelmaking and continuous casting (SMCC) production process, converter fault can lead to unexpected changes to the pre-specified converter-continuous caster production mode so that the original scheduling plan becomes unrealizable. In this paper, the dynamic scheduling problem in response to converter fault is firstly analyzed. This is then followed by the establishment of a novel multi-obj...

The production of steel normally constitutes the inception of many Supply Chains in different areas of industry. Therefore, steel manufacturing companies are strongly affected by bull whip effects and other unpredictable influences along their production chains. In the course of these integrated operations, making the right decision at a certain stage can be the difference between earning or lo...

structural steel sections are mainly used in beams and columns of building frames. iran national steel industrialgroup is among the oldest and largest producers of beams in iran. it has two beam production lines, namely line630 and line 650. in this study, the mechanical properties of manufactured beams in these production lines werecompared. based on the t-test results, the elongation is signi...

Several generalized state-space models arising from a semi-discretization of a controlled heat transfer process for optimal cooling of steel profiles are presented. The model orders differ due to different levels of refinement applied to the computational mesh. 1 The model equations We consider the problem of optimal cooling of steel profiles. This problem arises in a rolling mill when differen...

the objectives in the cold rolling process include improved sheet surface quality, enhanced steel mechanical strength, and better solidification operations. given the increasing demand for higher steel surface quality, more rapid production, and thinner steel plates, more attention has been directed toward the parameter of temperature in cold rolling as a means of achieving the above objectives...