S-lenition is wide-spread in many dialects of Spanish, including Spanish spoken in the Caribbean region, coastal Mexico, Central America (but not in Costa Rica and Guatemala), and the Pacific coast of Colombia, Ecuador, coastal Peru, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, and much of Argentina (Lipski, 1994). Spanish s-lenition is a phonological process that weakens both morphological /-s/ (plural marker /-...

These notes introduce the subject of quantum field theory in curved spacetime and some of its applications and the questions they raise. Topics include particle creation in time-dependent metrics, quantum origin of primordial perturbations, Hawking effect, the trans-Planckian question, and Hawking radiation on a lattice. Based on lectures given at the CECS School on Quantum Gravity in Valdivia,...

In this paper, we study the relation of the monotonicity of Hawking Mass and geometric flow problems. We show that along the HamiltonDeTurck flow with bounded curvature coupled with the modified mean curvature flow, the Hawking mass of the hypersphere with a sufficiently large radius in Schwarzschild spaces is monotone non-decreasing.

Causal radial geodesics with a positive interval in the Schwarzschild metric include a subset of trajectories completely confined under a horizon, which compose a thermal statistical ensemble with the Hawking-Gibbons temperature. The Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is given by an action at corresponding geodesics of particles with a summed mass equal to that of black hole in the limit of large mass.

In this paper we obtain the flux of Hawking radiation from Rotating BTZ black holes from gauge and gravitational anomalies point of view. Then we show that the gauge and gravitational anomaly in the BTZ spacetime is cancelled by the total flux of a 2-dimensional blackbody at the Hawking temperature of the spacetime. ∗E-mail: [email protected]

We derive Hawking radiation of 5-dimensional black rings from gauge and gravitational anomalies using the method proposed by Robinson and Wilczek. We find as in the black hole case, the problem could reduce to a (1+1) dimensional field theory and the anomalies result in correct Hawking temperature for neutral,dipole and charged black rings. [email protected] [email protected]

Linde’s proposal of a Euclidean path integral with the “wrong” sign of Euclidean action is often identified with the tunneling proposal for the wave function of the universe. However, the two proposals are in fact quite different. I illustrate the difference and point out that recent criticism by Hawking and Turok does not apply to the tunneling proposal. The debate about the form of the wave f...

Hawking radiation is viewed as a tunnelling process. In this way the effect of selfgravitation gives rise to quantum corrections to the entropy of the (2+1) BTZ black hole. The entropy is proportional to the horizon area and the quantum corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking formula S = AH/4l P are found to be negative.

We present a quasiperiodic self-dual metric of the Gibbons{Hawking type with one gravitational instanton per spacetime cell. The solution, based on an adaptation of Weierstrassian and functions to three dimensions, conforms to a de nition of spacetime foam given by Hawking. Permanent addresss: Physics Department, Bo~gazi ci University, 80815 Bebek{_ Istanbul, Turkey