[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine changes in the muscle activity around the neck according to the neck movement angle during neck flexion and extension. [Subjects and Methods] Activities of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles, upper trapezius muscle, and middle trapezius muscle during flexion and extension were assessed in 24 college...

Biomechanical studies of rugby union scrummaging have focused on kinetic and kinematic analyses, while muscle activation strategies employed by front-row players during scrummaging are still unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the activity of spinal muscles during machine and live scrums. Nine male front-row forwards scrummaged as individuals against a scrum machine under "...

PURPOSE To describe the damage to the muscles and propose a pathophysiologic mechanism for muscle atrophy and weakness after mantle field radiotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors. METHODS AND MATERIALS We examined 12 patients treated by mantle field radiotherapy between 1969 and 1998. Besides evaluation of their symptoms, the following tests were performed: dynamometry; ultrasound of t...

 ABSTRACT Bachground: The main objective of this study was to define the clinical changes of facial deformity in patients older than 5 years with congenital torticollis treated by proximal and distal sternocleidomastoid tenotomy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated fifteen patients who had had an open tenotomy of the sternal and clavicular and mastoid origins of the sternocleidomastoid muscle...

The contribution of the sternocleidomastoid branch of the occipital artery (superior arterial pedicle-SAP) to the irrigation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) was evaluated in fresh human cadavers by injecting radiological dye and a resin for microvasculature corrosion casts. From its insertion in the mastoid process of the temporal bone, the SCM was divided into superior, medium, and inf...

INTRODUCTION Unicentric Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder. A cervical location has rarely been reported in the pediatric literature. CASE REPORT A 13-year-old boy presented with a mass in the right neck region of 3 months' evolution. Clinical examination revealed a smooth mobile 5 cm node deep in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The diagnosis of hyaline vas...

INTRODUCTION Fighter pilots' muscular strength and endurance are subjected to very high demands. Pilots' fatigued muscles are at higher risk for injuries. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two different training methods in reducing muscular loading during in-flight and cervical loading testing (CLT). METHODS There were 16 volunteer Finnish Air Force cadets who were divid...

BACKGROUND Cricopharyngeus is the only muscle for which electromyography is used in the differential diagnosis of swallowing disorders. Because of some practical difficulties, electrophysiologic tests for this muscle are not performed routinely. Thus we aimed to describe an alternative topographic way to reach the muscle easily. METHODS On 10 cadavers, a spinal needle (20 G) and on 37 patient...

Devascularization of the parathyroid glands (PGs) during total thyroidectomy (TT) is cause post-surgical parathyroprival hypocalcemia. Safeguarding anatomical integrity and vascularity PGs primarily requires an experienced surgeon. The combined use magnification loupes (2.5× or 3.5×) with ultrasound/radiofrequency device bipolar forceps also helpful. Near-infrared autofluorescence imaging may p...

In most operations for transfer of a muscle’s action it is the insertion of the muscle which is detached and reinserted. Clark (1946) detached the costal origin of the pectoralis major muscle and transferred the muscle down the arm for restoration of active flexion of the elbow. Schottstaedt, Larsen and Bost (1955) described twelve cases in which both origin and insertion of various muscles wer...