Clonal plants, fungi, and invertebrate animals often display both intra- and interspecific heterochronic variation in the relative proportions of ramets (e.g., polyps, plantlets) and stolons (or rhizomes, hyphae). Treatment of developing colonies of Podocoryne carnea, a hydractiniid hydroid, with dilute solutions of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, accelerates...

Cnidarians possess remarkable powers of regeneration, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this capability are unclear. Studying the hydrozoan Hydractinia echinata we show that a burst of stem cell proliferation occurs following decapitation, forming a blastema at the oral pole within 24 hr. This process is necessary for head regeneration. Knocking down Piwi1, Vasa, Pl10 or Ncol...

Differential natural selection acting on populations in contrasting environments often results in adaptive divergence in multivariate phenotypes. Multivariate trait divergence across populations could be caused by selection on pleiotropic alleles or through many independent loci with trait-specific effects. Here, we assess patterns of association between a suite of traits contributing to life h...

and even under grazing produces significant levels of viable seed that end up in the soil (Chapman and AnderWhite clover (Trifolium repens L.) populations persist for years in son, 1987; Charlton, 1977). grazing lands primarily through clonal growth, yet retain high genetic variability. This study was conducted to determine how clone structure In spite of the presence of viable white clover see...

Tylenchorhynchus dubius was observed to feed on 'Toronto' creeping bentgrass and 'Merion' Kentucky bluegrass, and was a key participant in reducing the vegetative growth of both grass species. The severity of foliar and root macrosymptoms incited by T. dubius to 'Toronto' bentgrass was greater on plants grown at 16 C than on plants maintained at 21, 27 and 32 C. These parasitized plants exhibit...

In the present work we evaluated the antibacterial activity of Indian plants used in the Unani system of medicine against the pathogenic bacteria. The aqueous extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (stem), Sisymbrion irio (seeds), Viola odorata (flowers), Glycerrhiza glabra (roots and stolon) and Peristrophe bicalculata (whole plant) showed strong antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi and E...