There are good motivations for considering some type of quantum histories formalism. Several possible formalisms are known, defined by different definitions of event and by different selection criteria for sets of histories. These formalisms have a natural interpretation, according to which nature somehow chooses one set of histories from among those allowed, and then randomly chooses to realis...

The conditions related to abnormalities of calcium and bone metabolism are large in number and cover problems of hypocalcaemia, hypercalcaemia, primary and secondary osteoporosis, rickets resulting from both vitamin D and phosphate metabolic disorders, and a series of miscellaneous conditions. Included in this chapter is a series of 36 cases drawn from our clinics and from colleagues who have p...

Under exploitation and environmental change, it is essential to assess the sensitivity and vulnerability of marine ecosystems to such stress. A species' response to stress depends on its life history. Sensitivity to harvesting is related to the life history "fast-slow" continuum, where "slow" species (i.e., large, long lived, and late maturing) are expected to be more sensitive to fishing than ...

As the most complete source of orbital element information available to the public, the NORAD two-line element sets (TLEs) are used in a wide variety of orbit propagation tasks. Unfortunately, there is no error information provided for the TLEs. Due to orbit manoeuvres, errors introduced during the TLE generation and unmodelled perturbations, there are inevitable outliers in the TLEs, which hav...

The world's objective pattern is formed through consistent histories of quantum measurements originating as different branches of the same wave function. When we come close to the limits of measurement (either by approaching the speed of light or the values of the Planck's quantum), the relational effects come into place and the objectivity of world's pattern melts down. But when we are positio...

John Wheeler devised a gedanken experiment in which a piece of apparatus can be altered just before the arrival of particle, and this “delayed choice” can, seemingly, alter the quantum state of the particle at a much earlier time, long before the choice is made. A slightly different gedanken experiment, which exhibits the same conceptual difficulty, is analyzed using the techniques of consisten...

An introduction is given to an algebraic formulation and generalisation of the consistent histories approach to quantum theory. The main technical tool in this theory is an orthoalgebra of history propositions that serves as a generalised temporal analogue of the lattice of propositions of standard quantum logic. Particular emphasis is placed on those cases in which the history propositions can...

We elaborate on the distinction between geometric and dynamical phase in quantum theory and we show that the former is intrinsically linked to the quantum mechanical probabilistic structure. In particular, we examine the appearance of the Berry phase in the consistent histories scheme and establish that it is the basic building block of the decoherence functional. These results are consequences...

A general initial-boundary value problem of one-dimensional transient wave propagation in a multi-layered elastic medium due to arbitrary boundary or interface excitations (either prescribed tractions or displacements) is considered. Laplace transformation technique is utilised and the Laplace transform inversion is facilitated via an unconventional method, where the expansion of complex-valued...

The paper discusses the response and fatigue damage of supporting tower a small vertical axis wind turbine subject to stationary non-stationary excitation due wind, rotation, emergency stop start. Using in-field measurements Hot Spot Stress Approach, study analyses number aspects that are usually disregarded in design verifications. results highlight importance detail modeling, fundamental role...