Covariance-based SEM is usually used with an objective of model validation and needs a large sample (what is large varies from an author to another: more than 100 subjects and preferably more than 200 subjects are often mentioned). Component-based SEM is mainly used for score computation and can be carried out on very small samples. A research based on 6 subjects has been published by Tenenhaus...

For journal editors, reviewers, and readers of research articles, structural equation model (SEM) fit has recently become a confusing and contentious area of evaluative methodology. Proponents of two kinds of approaches to model fit can be identified: those who adhere strictly to the result from a null hypothesis significance test, and those who ignore this and instead index model fit as an app...

OBJECTIVE To introduce the state of the art of structural equation modeling (SEM). METHOD This primer is organized in a manner allowing readers to review any one of 5 freestanding sections. RESULTS SEM maintains several advantages over regression and other multivariate techniques. Through a 2-step modeling process, SEM strengthens research by allowing for the specification of complex, theor...

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a multivariate technique suited for testing proposed relations between variables. In this article, the authors discuss the potential for SEM as a tool to advance health communication research both statistically and conceptually. Specifically, the authors discuss the advantages that latent variable modeling in SEM affords researchers by extracting measuremen...

Walaupun industri kuliner terus menerus mengalami pertumbuhan dan pada sisi lain masyarakat meningkat budaya konsumsinya tetapi ternyata sejumlah restoran ayam tulang lunak penurunan omset. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut akan digunakan konsep experiental marketing, food quality servicescape untuk meningkatkan customer satisfaction sehingga pelanggan mengunjungi kembali melakukan pembelian (revisi...