possessing three positions including issuing fatwas, ruling and judgment, all mojtaheds (highest rank in islamic clergymen hierarchy) take different authority and power. by the first position he can issue fatwas in religious affairs and problems through a methodological approach in islamic sharia. based on the position of ruling and accumbency of velayat (socio- political position of mojtahed) ...

A Markov switching position dependent random map is a random map of a finite number of measurable transformations where the probability of switching from one transformation to another is controlled by a position dependent irreducible stochastic matrix W . Existence of absolutely continuous invariant measures (acim) for a Markov switching position dependent random map was proved in [1] using spe...

In this paper, we study the position value for games in which partial cooperation exist, that is based on a union stable coalition system. The concept of basis is introduced for these systems, allowing for a de...nition of the position value. Moreover, an axiomatic characterization of the position value is provided for a speci...c class of union stable systems. Conditions under which convexity ...