current study was carried out with aim to evaluate the effect of pressurized irrigation methods and furrow irrigation method with municipal effluent on distribution of salinity and moisture in the soil profile. the experimental study was designed by split plot layout with three irrigation methods including furrow, surface drip (sd) irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation (ssd) and two water q...

A simple conceptual water balance model representing the streamflow generation processes on a daily time step following land use change is presented. The model consists of five stores: (i) Dry, Wet and Subsurface Stores for vertical and lateral water flow, (ii) a transient Stream zone Store (iii) a saturated Goundwater Store. The soil moisture balance in the top soil Dry and Wet Stores are the ...

In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) has been widely used in recent years for the remediation of VOC contaminated soil and groundwater. Among several chemical oxidizing agents injected into the subsurface for ISCO, persulfate has often been selected due to the advantage of being less reactive and longer-lived in the subsurface environment. Through this research, the effect of side reactions occurr...

This study was designed to evaluate the improved version of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) using 6 yr (1992-1997) of field-measured data from a field within Walnut Creek watershed located in central Iowa. Measured data included subsurface drainage flows, NO3-N concentrations and loads in subsurface drainage water, and corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] yields. Th...

Microorganisms constitute an almost exclusive form of life in the earth's subsurface environment (not including caves), particularly at depths exceeding the soil horizon. While of broad interest to ecology and geology, scientific interest in the fate and transport of microorganisms, particularly those introduced through the anthropogenic environment, has focused on understanding the subsurface ...

LIFE+ project “Strategies to improve and protect soil quality from the disposal of olive oil mills’ wastes (OOMW) in the Mediterranean-PROSODOL” aims towards the development and application of technologies for the protection, improvement and remediation of soils which are polluted from the disposal of olive oil mill's wastes. In this effort, several geospatial application tools were presented a...

Subsurface-tile drainage is designed to remove gravitational water and soluble salts from the soil-root zone. However, soil swelling, as influenced by soil Na and electrical conductivity (EC), will reduce saturated hydraulic conductivity. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of Na and EC on the amount of water retained at field capacity (33 kPa), in northern Great Plain...

Earthworms are essential detritus feeders that play a vital role in the process of decomposition of organic matter and soil metabolism. They are referred to as indicators of soil health. The complex process of partial breakdown of organic matter and mixing with mucous and gut microbial flora in the form of earthworm cast results in the enhancement of soil fertility status. They influence the so...

optimal use of water resources is essential to decrease cost and maximize available water resources. subsurface drip irrigation can increase irrigation and water use efficiency. this irrigation method distributes water into the soil, leaving the surface of the soil dry and decreasing evaporation. in the design of subsurface drip irrigation (sdi) systems, the dimensions of the wetted onion deter...

of buried objects. It is designed to detect, locate and retrieve buried objects. The system is equipped with a hydraulic robot, laser range finder and a subsurface sensor. First, subsurface sensing is used to detect and locate buried objects. If an object can be reached with one dig, the excavator retrieves it directly. Otherwise a layer of soil above the object is removed and another subsurfac...