Several genotypes of the hantavirus cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and is an important public health problem worldwide. There is now growing interest to develop subunit vaccines especially focused to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses which are important against viral infection. We identified candidate T-cell epitopes that bind to Class I HLA supertypes towards identify...

Ebola virus (EBOV), a member of the Filoviridae that can cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates, poses a significant threat to the public health. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics to prevent and treat EBOV infection. Several vaccines based on the EBOV glycoprotein (GP) are under development, including vectored, virus-like particles, and protein-ba...

At the end of 2020, population-based vaccination programs with new generation mRNA-based vaccines began almost all over world. The aim study was to evaluate titer anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against S1 subunit virus’s spike protein as a marker humoral response in 477 patients and concentration interferon-gamma an indicator cellular 28 individuals. In our studies, we used serological enzyme-l...

Although malaria control efforts have currently reduced much of the morbidity and mortality, yet malaria remains a hard problem in many parts of Africa. Together with the existing malaria control efforts, an effective malaria vaccine is expected to act as an important weapon to fight against malaria burden. Developing an efficacious malaria vaccine is a top priority in the agenda of global heal...

The recommended dosage schedule and type of influenza vaccine are presented in Table 2. Influenza vaccines available in Canada are available as split-virus or inactivated subunit preparations. Two products (Vaxigrip, Fluviral S/F) are split-virus vaccines that are treated with an organic solvent to remove surface glycoproteins, producing a split virus resulting in reduced vaccine reactogenicity...

objective: enterotoxigenic escherichia coli is considered as the most important agent of children diarrhea and mortality in developing countries. this bacterium causes 300-600 thousands of deaths in the children under 5 years of age per year. with difficulties in treatment as well as its wide prevalence, designing an effective vaccine against this microorganism is the objective of world health ...

The uniqueness of the dengue viruses (DENVs) and the spectrum of disease resulting from infection have made dengue vaccine development difficult. Several vaccine candidates are currently being evaluated in clinical studies. The candidate currently at the most advanced clinical development stage, a live-attenuated tetravalent vaccine based on the chimeric yellow fever-dengue virus (CYD-TDV), has...

Although many countries have controlled the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through strict management, there are still with record-breaking numbers new cases. Therefore, it is very important to develop a vaccine that can cause wide cross reactivity in clinical trials. At present, more than 90 vaccines entering trials and progressing smoothly, including i...

It is obvious that there a critical need for an efficient malaria vaccine to accelerate eradication. Currently, recombinant subunit vaccination against using proteins and peptides gaining attention. However, one of the major drawbacks this approach lack durable immune response. Therefore, vaccines require adjuvants make sufficiently immunogenic. Considering history RTS,S vaccine, it seems likel...