Mining activity produces metal sulfide wastes particularly pyrite which remain in the mine long after operations cease. When water percolates through a mine where oxygen is present, a series of chemical reactions occur which produce extremely low pH and high concentrations of toxic sulfate and metal ions. This toxic leachate can cause severe aquatic habitat degradation downstream of the mine. T...

Many contaminants of interest in water and wastewater are particles, or are made into particles for removal. Typical municipal wastewater treatment plants include both primary and secondary sedimentation, and those with tertiary treatment likely have granular media filtration. Typical drinking water plants using surface water supplies have flocculation, gravity separation (sedimentation or flot...

Tkc process air emissions from municipal wastewater treatmentplants primarily consist of hydrogen sulj?degas, along with other oigano-sulfilr compounds, and some trace quantities of volatile oiganic compounds (VOC). Various Federal and/or State Uegulativtzs require monitoring, and control of these em&sions dooutn to some specijied levels. At the Deer Island Wastewater Treatment Plant of the Mas...

The vertical distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in aerobic wastewater biofilms grown on rotating disk reactors was investigated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. To correlate the vertical distribution of SRB populations with their activity, the microprofiles of O(2), H(2)S, NO(2)(-), NO(3)(-), NH(4)(+), and pH were measured w...

In biological wastewater treatment high lipid concentration is known to inhibit microorganisms and cause active biomass flotation. To reduce lipid inhibition, a two-phase anaerobic system, consisting of an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) and an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, was applied to synthetic dairy wastewater. During 153 days of operation, the two-phase system ...

Electrocoagulation is a promising technology for the removal of colloids from different types of wastewater and it has also demonstrated good efficiencies for the breaking-up of emulsions. It consists of the dissolution of aluminum or iron anodes, promoting the formation of coagulant reagents in wastewater that helps to coagulate pollutants and the formation of bubbles that favors the mixing (e...

Completely separated sulfur isotope signature frequency distributions for sedimentary sulfide and coexisting inorganic sulfate proved the field scale hydrochemical dominance of bacterial sulfate reduction and thus a strong overall natural attenuation potential of the aquifer section. Consequently, a significant improvement of the water quality and an eventually complete attenuation of the acid ...