Article history: Accepted 2 November 2009 Available online xxxx PACS: 03.75.Hh 03.75.Ss 74.20. z

We study the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLS) in an annular geometry with on-site defects. The dynamics of a traveling plane-wave maps onto an effective nonrigid pendulum Hamiltonian. The different regimes include the complete reflection and refocusing of the initial wave, solitonic structures, and a superfluid state. In the superfluid regime, which occurs above a critical value o...

In this article we describe a multi-layered honeycomb lattice model of interacting fermions which supports a new kind of parity-preserving skyrmion superfluidity. We derive the low-energy field theory describing a non-BCS fermionic superfluid phase by means of functional fermionization. Such effective theory is a new kind of non-linear sigma model, which we call double skyrmion model. In the bi...

The ability to tune the strength of the attractive interaction in trapped Fermi gases is revealing the nature of superfluidity (and superconductivity) in a hitherto unexplored regime. Within the last few years we have witnessed the discovery of strongly interacting Fermi gases; over the last year we have found strong evidence for their superfluidity. These interacting gases appear at intermedia...

A typical form of mass formula is re-explained in terms of nuclear structure. For N ≈ Z nuclei, we propose to start with the shell model picture and to consider the T = 0 2n − 2p (α-like) correlations in the first place, instead of the symmetry energy as a prior concept. Afterward, the symmetry energy is described on the basis of the α-like superfluidity caused by the T = 0 2n − 2p correlations...

*Correspondence: Yasuhito Narita, Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Schmiedlstr. 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria e-mail: [email protected] Magnetic reconnection in space plasmas remains a challenge in physics in that the phenomenon is associated with the breakdown of frozen-in magnetic field in a collisionless medium. Such a topology change can also be found in superfluid...

Recent experimental investigations [20] of solid He have been interpreted as showing possible superfluidity in the solid at low temperatures, below 0.2 K. A solid behaving this way, exhibiting both long range translational order and superfluidity, has been called a supersolid phase. The existence of a supersolid phase was proposed many years ago [1], and has been discussed theoretically. In thi...

Recent observation of diminishing superfluid phase stiffness upon increasing carrier density in cuprate high-temperature superconductors is unexpected from the quantum density-phase conjugation superfluidity. Here, through analytic estimation and verified via variational Monte Carlo calculation an emergent Bose liquid, we point out that Mottness underlying carriers can cause a stronger fluctuat...