The current literature contains numerous reports on the importance of the mediastinal lymph nodes in the diagnosis and prognosis of pulmonary neoplasms. We recently described a technique by which the mediastinal contents could be explored directly with little risk (Stemmer, Calvin, Chandor, and Connolly, 1965). Figure 1 illustrates the operative technique. An oblique incision is made just later...

Intraoperative acute aortic dissection is a rare and potentially fatal complication of open cardiac surgery,the reported incidence of which is approximately 0.16% to 0.35% [1]. Its early diagnosis and treatment are essential to achieve a favorable outcome. Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) is routinely used intraoperatively during open cardiac surgery and is the only useful monitor for det...

BACKGROUND/AIMS This study investigated appropriate level of upward lymph node (LN) dissection in advanced lower rectal carcinoma. METHODS A total of 285 consecutive patients with stage II/III lower rectal carcinoma were analyzed. LN dissection was classified as follows: division of the root of the superior rectal artery (UD2), division of the root of the inferior mesenteric artery (UD3) and ...

INTRODUCTION Spontaneous dissection of the cervical artery is a rare non-atherosclerotic vascular disease of unknown aetiology and unclear pathogenesis that may be a cause of ischemic stroke in young adults. DIAGNOSIS Precise diagnosis of dissection of the cervical artery--carotid or vertebral--is possible with cervical axial magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. TR...