A case of acquired Brown syndrome caused by surgical repair of medial orbital wall fracture is reported in the present paper. A 23-year-old man presented at the hospital with right periorbital trauma. Although the patient did not complain of any diplopia, the imaging study revealed a blow-out fracture of the medial orbital wall. Surgical repair with a calvarial bone autograft was performed at t...

OBJECTIVE To report the effect of weakening the superior rectus and inferior oblique (IO) muscles on ocular rotations. DESIGN Observational case series. We reviewed a 10-year period of medical records of consecutive patients who underwent bilateral 5- to 11-mm (mean, 8.0 mm; SD, 1.1 mm) superior rectus muscle recessions combined with an IO muscle recession, myectomy, or anterior transposition...

The superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome was first described by Brown (I950). The essential feature is a limitation of elevation in adduction caused by a short or inadequately mobile anterior segment of the superior oblique tendon and its sheath. Treatment of the condition is indicated if an abnormal head posture is necessary in order to maintain an adequate field of binocular single vision;...

A 51-year old man presented with vertical and torsional diplopia after reduction of a blowout fracture at another hospital one year ago. He had no anormalies of head position and 14 prism diopters (PD) right hypertropia (RHT) in the primary position. In upgaze no vertical deviation was found, and hyperdeviation on downgaze was 35PD. Bielschowsky head tilt test showed a negative response. Distin...

PURPOSE We previously reported an 8% incidence of double-bellied inferior oblique (IO) muscles at the surgical capture site (10-12 mm from insertion) in cadaveric specimens. This companion study sought to determine how often this anomaly is encountered at surgery for clinically overacting IO muscles and whether clinical findings or surgical outcomes in cases with double-bellied muscles differ f...

PURPOSE To study causes of overcorrection after surgery for unilateral oblique superior palsy and treatment options. METHODS Nine cases with overcorrection following surgery for unilateral oblique superior palsy between 2004 and 2006 were identified. Their causes were divided into three types: excessive surgery, bilateral masked palsy and antielevation or adherence syndrome. Treatment was req...

The purpose of this study was to compare electromyographic (EMG) activity of the abdominal muscles between the crunch exercise and five other popular abdominal exercises. Surface EMG recordings of four muscles (upper rectus, lower rectus, external oblique, and internal oblique) of the anterior abdominal wall were collected and analyzed on 20 healthy, male volunteers. EMG activity was recorded d...

THAT the prootic somites in the head of the vertebrate give rise to the muscles actuating the eyeballs is a fact so well known as to require no comment. As the result of the work of Marshall (7) it was understood that the eye-muscles, of which there are six, arise in three groups, each group from one prootic somite. The first group, consisting of the superior, internal, and inferior recti and t...