The circular musculature of the guinea-pig ileum has been studied by freeze-fracture to analyze quantitatively the gap junctions (nexuses) between its smooth muscle cells. The average cell surface area and cell volume are 5,074 micron 2 and 3,260 micron 3. The packing density of nexuses is 48/1,000 micron 2 of cell surface or approximately 244/muscle cell. Nexuses range in area from less than 0...

Using the holographic lightfront projection, which in the present context is not an independent principle but a consequence of the properties underlying the algebraic formulation of QFT, we derive an area law for the localization-entropy caused by vacuum polarization. Its area density is equal to the localization entropy of an associated auxiliary chiral theory. Its microscopic derivation with ...

an epoxy resin was modified by silica nanoparticles and cured with an anhydride. the particles with different batches of 12, 20, and 40 nm sizes were each distributed into the epoxy resin ultrasonically. electron microscopy images showed that the silica particles were well dispersed throughout the resin. tensile test results showed that young’s modulus and tensile strength increased with the vo...

in this study, alkaline colloidal silica was prepared by titration of an alkaline solution such as sodium silicate with silicic acid in constant range of ph  .this constant range of ph was achieved by using concentrated soduim silicate solutions as ph adjusting solutions during titration.the sodium silicate solutions  having a variety of concentrations were passed  through ion-exchange resin to...

In this study, we investigated the depth-dependent metabolic and structural responses of adult articular cartilage to large-strain, static, unconfined compression. Changes in cell biosynthetic activity and several morphometry-based structural parameters (cell density, cell volume fraction, cell surface-area density, mean cell surface area, and mean cell volume) were measured at eight sites repr...

Considerable research efforts have been used in the development of floating drug delivery system including gas generation system, swelling systems and low density systems. In the development of low density systems the porous carriers are used because of its characteristics such as stable uniform porous structure, high surface area, tunable pore size and well-defined surface properties. This rev...

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation and Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods have been used to evaluate the efficiency of four quinoline derivatives on corrosion inhibition in the aqueous phase. Some quantum chemical parameters such as hardness (η), electrophilicity (w), polarizability (a), energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), energy of th...

Recently, electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) with high capacitance [1] has been proposed as a sub-power source for a pure electric vehicle (PEV) or a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) because power density of EDLC is high enough to use as the power source at start-up of the electric vehicles. However, since energy density of EDLC is quite lower than that of rechargeable batteries, the double la...