The critical aims of glass envelope design and development must be to enable measures upon glass buildings to prevent uncontrolled heating of the building surfaces, increase emissivity and the impacts of this heat conduction into the building interior spaces. Current glass envelopes depend upon hybrid facades, double skin glass facades; solar shading; passive solar energy systems (transparent i...

This paper describes a system to generate 3D model from image sequence taken in complex environment including variable ground surface, buildings and trajectory loops. Here we use a $1000 catadioptric camera and an approximate knowledge of its calibration. This contrasts to current systems which rely on more costly hardware such as the (calibrated) spherical vision camera Ladybug. All steps of t...

the interactive effects of adjacent buildings on their seismic performance are not frequently considered in seismic design. the adjacent buildings, however, are interrelated through the soil during seismic ground motions. the seismic energy is redistributed in the neighboring buildings through multiple structure-soil-structure interactions (sssi). for example, in an area congested with many nea...

Full-waveform LiDAR is an active remote sensing technique that provides the scattering properties of the targets i.e. amplitude and echo width (EW) in addition to 3D point clouds. The amplitude provides information on the target's reflectance and the EW is a measure for the range variation of scatterers within the laser footprint contributing to a single echo and is, therefore, an indicator for...

Research on climate change suggests that small improvements in the “sustainability” of buildings can have large effects on greenhouse gas emissions and on energy efficiency in the economy. This paper analyzes the economics of “green” building. First, we analyze a panel of office buildings certified by independent rating agencies, finding that large recent increases in the supply of green buildi...

A comparison between first pulse and last pulse laser scanner data in building detection was carried out. The automatic building detection method included region-based segmentation of a laser scanner derived digital surface model and classification of the segments by using the laser scanner data and an aerial ortho-image. Visual and numerical quality evaluations showed that the correctness of t...