Humans, animals and birds discharge billions of tons of faecal material into the environment every year. Much of this faecal material reaches water bodies either indirectly through discharge after treatment or directly by being washed off the surface by rainfall or through defecation directly into water bodies. This faecal material can carry pathogenic microbes that may pose a risk to humans ex...

In this paper an attempt has been made to correlate the usefulness of electrodes made through powder metallurgy (PM) in comparison with conventional copper electrode during electric discharge machining. Experimental results are presented on electric discharge machining of AISI D2 steel in kerosene with copper tungsten (30% Cu and 70% W) tool electrode made through powder metallurgy (PM) techniq...

Diffuse groundwater discharge (also known as vertical leakage) forms an important and poorly constrained component of the water balance of the Great Artesian Basin (GAB), Australia’s largest groundwater resource. Around the south-western margin of the GAB, the diffuse leakage from the artesian aquifer discharges into the unconfined water table and subsequently into the atmosphere via evapotrans...

This paper examined the relationship between remotely sensed anthropogenic heat discharge and energy use from residential and commercial buildings across multiple scales in the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. The anthropogenic heat discharge was estimated with a remote sensing-based surface energy balance model, which was parameterized using land cover, land surface temperature, albedo, and...

      Wetability of biocompatible polymers can be improved by plasma surface modification. The purpose of this study was to surface modify an experimental poly (dimethylsiloxane) rubber (PDMS) material in order to improve its wetability and biocompatibility. Surface properties of the PDMS were characterized using contact angles measurement for wetability analysis. Samples of experimental silico...

In decerebrate paralyzed cats, we examined the effects of two central motor commands (fictive locomotion and scratching) on the discharge of dorsal horn neurons receiving input from group III and IV tibial nerve afferents. We recorded the impulse activity of 74 dorsal horn neurons, each of which received group III input from the tibial nerve. Electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic locomoto...

A new strategy with bone tissue engineering by mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on titanium implant has been dawn attention. The surface scaffold properties of titanium surface play an important role in bone regenerative potential of cells. The surface topography and chemistry are postulated to be two major factors increasing the scaffold properties of titanium implants. This study aimed t...

A Pd-encapsulated graphite electrode was used as the negative electrode in Li-ion cells. Through dispersion of ultrafine nanoparticles of palladium on the surface of graphite, the interfacial properties of the carbon surface were modified. The presence of the palladium Ž . dramatically reduces the initial irreversible capacity of the graphite in propylene carbonate PC -based electrolyte. Pallad...

Many applications require surface modification and micro-structuring of polymers. For these purposes is mainly used ultraviolet (UV) radiation from excimer lamps or excimer lasers. However, these sources have a decided disadvantage degrading the polymer deep inside due to relatively big radiation penetration depth which may exceed 100 μm. In contrast, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation is abso...