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For any Lie algebra of classical type or type G 2 we define a K-theoretic analog of Dunkl's elements, the so-called truncated Ruijsenaars-Schneider-Macdonald elements, RSM-elements for short, in the corresponding Yang-Baxter group, which form a commuting family of elements in the latter. For the root systems of type A we prove that the subalgebra of the bracket algebra generated by the RSM-elem...

Textbooks on response surface methodology emphasize the importance of lack-of-fit tests when fitting response surface models, and stress that, to be able to test for lack of fit, designed experiments should have replication and allow for pure-error estimation. In this paper, we show how to obtain pure-error estimates and how to carry out a lack-of-fit test when the experiment is not completely ...

A fundamental goal of evolutionary ecology is to understand how asymmetric competition influences phenotype expression, yet few studies have quantified the relative effects of intraand interspecific competition on phenotypes. We examined the effects of intraand interspecific larval competition on both discrete and continuous phenotype expression of the facultatively paedomorphic mole salamander...

The design of hypersonic vehicles is influenced by tightly coupled interactions between aerodynamics, propulsion, and structures. Therefore, in the conceptual design phases, the identification and mitigation of potential problem areas and disciplinary interrelations are critical. Although the multidisciplinary character of hypersonic designs is well known, research in hypersonics is primarily f...

Several inverse reliability measures (e.g. Probabilistic Performance Measure (PPM) and Probabilistic Sufficiency Factor (PSF)) that are essentially equivalent have been introduced in recent years as measures of safety. The different names for essentially the same measure reflect the fact that different researchers focused on different advantages of inverse measures. These advantages include imp...

Many industrial experiments involve some factors whose levels are harder to set than others. The best way to deal with these is to plan the experiment carefully as a split-plot, or more generally a multi-stratum, design. Several different approaches for constructing splitplot type response surface designs have been proposed in the literature since 2001, which has allowed experimenters to make b...

The purpose of this article is to provide a survey of the various stages in the development of response surface methodology (RSM). The coverage of these stages is organized in three parts that describe the evolution of RSM since its introduction in the early 1950s. Part I covers the period, 1951–1975, during which the so-called classical RSM was developed. This includes a review of basic experi...

This paper presents an application of a new stochastic programming method for vehicle side impact design. Nonlinear response surface models are employed as the 'real' models for the side impact related performance functions to conduct this study. The main goal is to enhance vehicle side impact crash performance while minimizing vehicle weight under various uncertainties. The new algorithm allev...

The growth lag phase during microbial fermentation reduced productivity and equipment efficiency. Inoculum age and size were the two important variables considered in fermentation optimisation. Previous studies investigated these two variables separately, in contrast to the orthogonal or use of response surface modelling method by recent papers. In nearly all cases, the inoculum from the late e...