In this paper, surface effects including surface elasticity, surface stress and surface density, on the free vibration analysis of Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko nanobeams are considered using nonlocal elasticity theory. To this end, the balance conditions between nanobeam bulk and its surfaces are considered to be satisfied assuming a linear variation for the component of the normal stress thr...

The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical model for studying the magnetic field effect on blood flow through an axially non-symmetric but radially symmetric atherosclerotic artery. Herschel-Bulkley equation has been taken to represent the non-Newtonian character of blood. The response of magnetic field, stenosis height, shape parameter on velocity, volumetric flow rate in stenotic ...

Purpose: An accumulation of disaster mental health research literature in the last few decades has contributed knowledge to direct disaster mental health interventions. However, no single set of principles can necessarily outline all anticipated mental health needs to be encountered in a particular disaster. Methods: To illustrate how different disaster scenarios may yield a divergence of menta...

Most animals face periods of food shortage and are thus expected to evolve adaptations enhancing starvation resistance. Most of our knowledge of the genetic and physiological bases of those adaptations, their evolutionary correlates and trade-offs, and patterns of withinand among-population variation, comes from studies on Drosophila. In this review we attempt to synthesize the various facets o...

Morphology, structure, residual stress, and surface energy of magnetron-sputtered titanium nitride (TiN) thin films, deposited at 300 C with a thickness in the 0.5-1.7 lm range, were characterized. Film microstructure, the origin of residual stress, and its effect on the surface energy were analyzed. The grain size increased with the film thickness. X-ray diffraction showed (200) to (111) prefe...

Initial condition dependence is the key to understanding the difference between ideal strength and actual strength of both crystalline and amorphous materials. Besides intrinsic structural heterogeneities in metallic glasses (MGs), a class of “extended defects” based on the “connected atomistic free volume” (CAFV) is proposed to define the microstructure (initial condition), which is crucial to...

Endothelial cells (ECs) that line the inner surface of blood vessels are continuously exposed to fluid frictional force (shear stress) induced by blood flow, and shear stress affects the intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), which initiates cellular responses. Here, we studied the effect of long-term exposure of shear stress on [Ca2+]i responses in cultured ECs by using a confocal laser microscope a...

Shot peening is a process in which a stream of shot is blasted against an engineering component to generate a high compressive residual stress regime at the surface of the component. This paper describes a 3D finite element dynamic analysis of single shot impacting on a metallic component. The model is first validated against a published numerical study. A parametric study is conducted to inves...

We review the application of cantilever-based stress measurements in surface science and magnetism. The application of thin (thickness appr. 0.1 mm) single crystalline substrates as cantilevers has been used successfully to measure adsorbate-induced surface stress changes, lattice misfit induced film stress, and magneto-elastic stress of ferromagnetic monolayers. Surface stress changes as small...