In this review we summarized literatures about biomechanical researches in kayaking. Biomechanical methods provide data on a number of analytical techniques and kayak moving posture for coaches and athletes. 3-D kinematic analysis, on-water dynamic analysis and surface electromyography measurement are the most common methods through which we can assess and describe effects of paddling technique...

The NIJL has developed variety kinds of databases, i.e., catalogue databases, image databases, movie databases, and full text databases. As these systems have been developed under different backgrounds, users have to learn different command for each database. Furthermore, although some databases have similar contents, users cannot access related information unless they understand NIJL database ...

Purpose of Review Since healthcare costs have continued to rise, health-economic approaches in perioperative medicine tend to create potential benefits. However, a review of the perioperative literature reveals that there are only few published economic analyses. The aim of the present review is to explore the health-economic researches in the field of perioperative medicine. Recent Findings In...

Today, the computer and its applications has invaded our daily life, Ubiquitous Computing. The interaction between the users and computing devices is becoming similar to human-human interactions. The integration of emotion recognition in Human-Computer Interaction aims at making the interaction easier and smarter, natural interaction. This paper, presents a brief survey on current state of the ...

Past research on children’s categorizations has suggested that children use perceptual and conceptual knowledge to generalize object names. Especially, some researches suggested that the relation between ontological categories and linguistic categories is a critical cue to categorize objects. However, this mechanism has not been specified. This paper reports new insights to reveal children’s ca...

The purpose of the paper is to clarify the relationship between organization-related theories and target cost management (TCM). We can learn a lot from published articles on target cost management about its implications, power of cost reduction, needed supporting tools, and more. Most of the available articles, however, lack the theoretical bases as social science research. Among organization-r...

This paper proposes a novel dc-dc converter called the dc-dc multilevel voltage multiplier (mvm). In general, an nx mvm can be built by using two switches, 2n-2 diodes and 2n-2 capacitors, free of magnetic components. It is based on the multilevel converters principle and designed for unidirectional power transfer applications. Each device blocks one voltage level, therefore high voltage conver...

One of the most important breakthroughs in modern biology was discovering that double chain small or large RNA molecules are able to regulate gene expression. Formerly it was thought RNAs have just two broad functions in cells: Single-stranded messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are vital intermediaries in gene expression, transmitting information between DNA and protein. Ribosomal and transfer RNAs have st...