Traffic requirements on the Internet have changed from reliability to timeliness of delivery as different types of applications are being deployed on it. This situation has prompted the industry and IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) to develop new protocols and techniques to meet the challenges. One of the important protocols developed is MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) that allows n...

Circuit switching, suited to providing real-time services due to the low and fixed switching delay, is not cost effective for building integrated services networks because is based on static allocation of resources which is not efficient with bursty data traffic. Moreover it cannot handle flow that are not integer multiple of 64 Kb/s, preventing the usage of low bit rate codecs. This work explo...

Network connectedness is indispensable for the normal operation of transmission networks. However, there still remains a lack efficient constraints that can be directly added to problem formulation optimal switching (OTS) ensure network strictly. To fill this gap, brief proposes set linear by leveraging equivalence between and feasibility vertex potential equation an electrical flow network. Th...

This paper extends the modeling and analysis of packet switched multistage cube intercoimection networks to include the use of multiple-packet message formats. A multiplepacket message format is needed within an interconnection network when the message to be transmitted exceeds the network's packet size. The packet offset time is introduced and used to gauge the transmission rate differential b...

In a data center, servers communicate with each other to store and handle a large amount of data. Thus, the network within a data center affects the performance of the data center; the lack of bandwidth between servers increases the time to obtain the required data from the other servers. The energy consumption is also one of the important problems in a data center. The energy consumed by the d...

Optical Burst Switching (OBS) has been proposed in the late 1990s as a novel photonic network architecture directed towards efficient transport of IP traffic. OBS aims at costefficient and dynamic provisioning of sub-wavelength granularity by optimally combining electronics and optics. In order to reduce the number of switching decisions in OBS core nodes, traffic is aggregated and assembled to...

Congestion avoidance is an important traffic engineering task, which can be performed by making use of loadbalancing technique when a link is over loaded or failure of link occur in Multi-Path Switching Systems . Multipath Switching Systems are capable of transferring high rate data in networks. As preserving the inter flow packet orders while avoiding congestion is a major issue in considerati...

Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document specifies Operations and Management (OAM) requirements for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), as well as for applications of MPLS, such as pseudo-wire voice and virtual private network services. Th...

Switching systems connect and disconnect users in a communications network by activating and deactivating switching devices. At first sight, this may seem trivial, but there is, in fact, a vast literature on the subject, much of which is highly technical. This article provides a flavour of this subject and identifies some of its principal features. It starts by looking at some key results from ...