Symbiosis is de ned as the mutually bene cial living together of two dissimilar organisms in close proximity. We adapt that term to refer to the increase in throughput that can occur when two or more applications are executed concurrently on a multithreaded computer. In this paper, we give a formal de nition of symbiosis, make observations about its nature, and present experimental results on t...

Industrial symbiosis (IS) engages traditionally separate industries in a collective approach to competitive advantage involving the physical exchange of material, energy, water, and/or by-products. Although IS has been advocated as a business-friendly approach to environmental problems, there are few analyses of the financial and other business-related consequences for the individual participan...

Microbial symbiosis is integral to plant growth and reproduction, but its contribution to global patterns of plant distribution is unknown. Legumes (Fabaceae) are a diverse and widely distributed plant family largely dependent on symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, which are acquired from soil after germination. This dependency is predicted to limit establishment in new geographic areas, o...

Species are fundamental units of comparison in biology. The newly discovered importance and ubiquity of host-associated microorganisms are now stimulating work on the roles that microbes can play in animal speciation. We previously synthesized the literature and advanced concepts of speciation by symbiosis with notable attention to hybrid sterility and lethality. Here, we review recent studies ...

Tumour proliferation is promoted by an intratumoral metabolic symbiosis in which lactate from stromal cells fuels energy generation in the oxygenated domain of the tumour. Furthermore, empirical data show that tumour cells adopt an intermediate metabolic state between lactate respiration and glycolysis. This study models the metabolic symbiosis in the tumour through the formalism of evolutionar...

Searching and presenting rich data using mobile devices is hard given their inherent I/O limitations. One approach for alleviating these limitations is device symbiosis, whereby the interaction with one’s personal mobile device is augmented by additionally engaging with more capable infrastructure devices, such as kiosks and displays. The Celadon framework, previously developed by our team, bui...

Epichloë fungal endophytes are broadly found in cool-season grasses. The symbiosis between these grasses and Epichloë may improve the abiotic and biotic resistance of the grass plant, but some Epichloë species produce alkaloids that are toxic for livestock. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics of the grass-Epichloë s symbiosis so that the beneficial aspects can be preser...

Roughly 240 million years ago (Ma), scleractinian corals rapidly expanded and diversified across shallow marine environments. The main driver behind this evolution is uncertain, but the ecological success of modern reef-building corals is attributed to their nutritional symbiosis with photosynthesizing dinoflagellate algae. We show that a suite of exceptionally preserved Late Triassic (ca. 212 ...

Reflective systems have a causally connected (metalevel) representation of themselves. Most reflective systems use the same language to reason about their metalevel representation as the language that is used to reason about their domain. In symbiotic reflection a different language is used at the metalevel. The practical usability of this symbiotic reflection is enhanced if a linguistic symbio...