The synoptic variation of the atmospheric radio refractive index, evaluated from standard weather observations, is examin ed d uri ng an ou t break of polar continental air. It is found t hat t he reduced-t o-sea-Ieve1 value of t he r efractive index is a more sensitive synoptic parameter t han t he station value. The reduced valu e is quite sensit ive to the humidity and density structure of t...

in this study, a new array of meteorological elements and a synoptic climatologic classification to produce abaseline climate and to derive meteorological factors that are effective on air pollution in tehran, which is located in a semi-enclosed basin was developed. the data set includes daily sea-level pressure and 500mb geopotential height fields from ncep-ncar and tehran upper air sounding d...

A large wide-field telescope and camera with optical throughput over 200 m deg – a factor of 50 beyond what we currently have – would enable the detection of faint moving or bursting optical objects: from Earth threatening asteroids to energetic events at the edge of the optical universe. An optimized design for LSST is a 8.4 m telescope with a 3 degree field of view and an optical throughput o...

Regular aerosol backscatter measurements using an elastic-backscatter lidar were performed from May 2000 to December 2002 in Barcelona (Spain) in the frame of EU EARLINET Project (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network). Vertical profiles retrieved in a regular schedule confirmed the presence of multiple aerosol layers of regional origin above the mixing layer during numerous measurement days....

A primitive equation ocean model is fit with strong constraints to non-synoptic hydrographic surveys in an unstable frontal current region, the Iceland–Faeroe Front. The model is first Ž . initialized from a time-independent objective analysis of non-synoptic data spanning 2 to 6 days . A truncated set of eddy-scale basis functions is used to represent the initial error in temperature, salinity...