Ebola virus (EBOV) is a highly pathogenic member of the Filoviridae family of viruses that causes severe hemorrhagic fever. Infection proceeds through fusion of the host cell and viral membranes, a process that is mediated by the viral envelope glycoprotein (GP). Following endosomal uptake, a key step in viral entry is the proteolytic cleavage of GP by host endosomal cysteine proteases. Cleavag...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming-based approach for evaluates the relative efficiency of a set of DMUs (Decision Making Units). The relative efficiency of a DMU is the result of comparing the inputs and outputs of the DMU and those of other DMUs in the PPS (Production Possibility Set). Also, in Data Envelopment Analysis various models have been developed in order to...

Consider a number of workers running SGD independently on the same pool of data and averaging the models every once in a while — a common but not well understood practice. We study model averaging as a variance-reducing mechanism and describe two ways in which the frequency of averaging affects convergence. For convex objectives, we show the benefit of frequent averaging depends on the gradient...

A synthetic study on the creation of a bivalent, ROMP capable monomer has the ability to be polymerized into the corresponding neo-glycopolymer mimetic of the surface glycans on gp120 envelope spike of the HIV virus. In our approach, we have developed a new strategy for orthogonally attaching both the terminal Manα1-2Man disaccharide unit of the D1 arm of Man9GlcNAc2 of HIV gp120 and the termin...

Air infiltration in residential and commercial buildings of the United States are estimated to cost approximately 23% of the total amount of heating energy used (for cooling, this estimate is approximately 14%). The aim of the current work is to apply non-intrusive acoustic techniques to detect and quantify specific envelope leaks in buildings. Noise sources associated with the leakage air flow...

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(5)H(8)FNO(2), at 100 K, displays inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding between the ammonium and carboxyl-ate groups as a result of its zwitterionic nature in the solid state. The five-membered ring adopts an envelope conformation with the C atom at the 3-position as the flap. The compound is of inter-est with respect to the synthesis and structura...

Elastolytic strains of Prevotella intermedia were isolated from pus samples of adult periodontal lesions. Elastase was found to associate with envelope, and it could be solubilized with guanidine-HCl. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity by sequential procedures including ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. This elastase was a serine protea...

METHODS. CD3 cell responses to HIV-1 peptide were measured in HIV-infected mothers and their infants at birth and at 6 to 10 weeks after delivery. Samples from the mother-child cohort were stimulated with HIV-1 synthetic peptides in pools representing Gag, Pol, Nef, envelope, and regulatory protein regions. A positive peptide-induced CD3 response was defined as 3% of cells expressing cytokine a...

The growing interest in emotional speech synthesis urges effective emotion conversion techniques to be explored. This paper estimates the relevance of three speech components (spectral envelope, residual excitation and prosody) for synthesizing identifiable emotional speech, in order to be able to customize the voice conversion techniques to the specific characteristics of each emotion. The ana...

The ‘‘synthetic schlieren’’ method has been used to measure the amplitude of internal waves that are two-dimensional and axisymmetric. Here it is adapted to reconstruct fully three-dimensional perturbations. This non-intrusive technique, which uses inverse tomography methods, shows accurate results when a sufficient number of perspectives taken from the same experiment are provided to the inver...