Private health plans that enroll Medicare beneficiaries--known as Medicare Advantage (MA) plans--are being paid $11 billion more in 2009 than it would cost to cover these beneficiaries in regular fee-for-service Medicare. To generate Medicare savings for offsetting the costs of health reform, the Obama Administration has proposed eliminating these extra payments to private insurers and institut...

With the increase of the embedded system in the post-PC era of computing, the Innovation & Enterprise Capability training becomes a task of high priority. The drawback of the current software engineering to Higher Education is systematically analyzed and the IPD-CMMI (Integrating Product Development based on CMMI) is proposed by integrating the hardware and software engineering and tailoring un...

background in 2004, the health system in iran initiated an organizational reform aiming to increase the autonomy of teaching hospitals and make them more decentralized. the policy led to the formation of a board of trustees in each hospital and significant modifications in hospitals’ financing. since the reform aimed to improve its predecessor policy (implementation of hospital autonomy began i...

conclusions with regard to the current challenges in iran’s health system, using risk-adjusted capitation as a primary healthcare payment system can lead to useful changes in the health system’s features. however, future research should focus on the development of the risk-adjusted capitation model. background when a country’s health system is faced with fundamental flaws that require the redes...

abstract background: pabon lasso model was applied to assess the relative performance of hospitals affiliated to kurdistan university of medical sciences (kums) before and after the implementation of health sector evolution plan (hsep) in iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out in 11 public hospitals affiliated to kums in 2015. twelve months before and after the implementation...

When employees without group health insurance buy individual coverage, they do so using after-tax income--costing them from 20% to 50% more than others pay for equivalent coverage. Prior to the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), several states promoted a potential solution that would allow employees to buy individual insurance through tax-sheltered payroll deduct...

Senator Barack Obama has proposed having a public plan available to those seeking coverage in a purchasing arrangement, such as the Federal Employees Health Benefits Plan. Senators Hillary Clinton and John Edwards had similar proposals. In the academic world, Jacob Hacker of Yale University has articulated the same proposal in his Health Care for Americans plan.2 Likewise, the reform approach w...

Background The Ministry of Health (MOH) of Mozambique became a People that Deliver (PtD) focus country in 2011. Soon after the PtD Conference in 2011, the MOH re-ignited the development of a Strategic Plan for Pharmaceutical Logistics and decided to make reform of Human Resources for the Supply Chain (HR for SC) a key pillar of the plan, as well as a component of the Health Sector Strategic Pla...

The health care system in Pakistan is beset with numerous problems--structural fragmentation, gender insensitivity, resource scarcity, inefficiency and lack of functional specificity and accessibility. Faced with a precarious economic situation characterized by heavy external debt and faltering productivity, Pakistan's room to maneuver with health sector reform is quite limited. Although the re...