Chronic renal allograft injury is often reflected by interstitial fibrosis (IF) and tubular atrophy (TA) without evidence of specific etiology. In most instances, IF/TA remains an irreversible disorder, representing a major cause of long-term allograft loss. As members of the protease family metzincins and functionally related genes are involved in fibrotic and sclerotic processes of the extrac...

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are widely prevalent in both bacteria and archaea. Originally described as stabilizing elements of plasmids, TA modules are also widespread on bacterial chromosomes. These modules promote bacterial persistence in response to specific environmental stresses. So far, the possibility that TA modules could be involved in bacterial virulence has been largely neglected, b...

This study aims to evaluate quantitatively the land surface temperature (LST) derived from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) MOD11A1 and MYD11A1 Collection 5 products for daily land air surface temperature (Ta) estimation over a mountainous region in northern Vietnam. The main objective is to estimate maximum and minimum Ta (Ta-max and Ta-min) using both TERRA and AQUA MODIS...

In three quasi-experimental studies, we investigated the effects of placing a Teachable Agent (TA) from a math game in a digital summative test. We hypothesized that the TA would affect test performance, even without actual “teachability”, by social influence on the test situation. In Study 1 (N=47), students did a pre-test, played the math game for seven weeks, and did a post-test either with ...

Thirty-two heterocyclic compounds, including 24 nitroheterocycles, 7 aminoheterocycles and derivatives, and 1 thiophene lacking a nitro group, were tested for mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100. All the nitroheterocycles (11 new), including nitrofurans, nitrothiophenes, nitropyrroles, and 1 nitroimidazole, were mutagenic in TA 100; 13 were also mutagenic in TA 98. 5-N...

TA-3037A, a new inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase, has been isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. TA-3037. The structure of TA-3037A was defined as (Z)-3-benzylidene-3,4-dihydro-2-oxo-2H-1,4-benzoxazine-5-carboxylic acid by an analysis of spectral properties and chemical studies of TA-3037A and its derivatives.

with a b 1. The shift dynamical system induced by a,b is measure theoretically isomorphic to an exchange of three domains on a compact tile Ta,b with fractal boundary. We prove that Ta,b is homeomorphic to the closed disk iff 2b a 3. This solves a conjecture of Shigeki Akiyama posed in 1997. To this effect, we construct a Hölder continuous parametrization Ca,b W S1 ! Ta,b of the boundary of Ta,...

OBJECTIVES The aim was to compare continuous and on-demand NSAID treatment with respect to their ability to suppress radiographic progression in subgroups of patients with high/elevated CRP-levels, ESR, ASDAS-levels or BASDAI-levels in comparison to patients with normal levels. METHODS Post-hoc analyses were performed in a randomized trial comparing continuous and on-demand NSAID treatment. R...