BACKGROUND There have been reports of serious complications associated with pedicle screw fixation, including nerve root injuries caused by accidental screw insertion. We have developed a new system of lumbar spinal instrumentation that we call Tadpole system. The purposes of this report were to show the results of a biomechanical study and the short-term outcome of a clinical study, as well as...

The tadpole cancellation in the unoriented Liouville theory is discussed. Using two different methods — the free field method and the boundary-crosscap state method, we derive one-loop divergences. Both methods require two D1-branes with the symplectic gauge group to cancel the orientifold tadpole divergence. However, the finite part left is different in each method and this difference is studi...

Some organisms have a remarkable ability to heal wounds without scars and to regenerate complex tissues following injury. By gaining a more complete understanding of the biological mechanisms that promote scar-free healing and tissue regeneration, it is hoped that novel treatments that can enhance the healing and regenerative capacity of human patients can be found. In the present article, we b...

I have performed scaling tests using quenched spectroscopy of a family of fermion actions which have a hypercubic kinetic term, gauge connections built of smeared links, and an anomalous magnetic moment term. These actions show improved rotational invariance compared to the standard Wilson action and to the tadpole-improved clover action. Hyperfine splittings are improved compared to the standa...

We apply the tadpole and cactus improvement methods to the measurement of the gluon condensate of 3D SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. The matching of the lattice measurement to the continuum MS scheme involves the subtraction of a series of lattice artifacts divergent up to four loop, which has recently appeared in the literature. The two tested improvement methods are found to significantly increase t...

We show how discrete torsion can be implemented in D = 4, N = 1 type IIB orientifolds. Some consistency conditions are found from the closed string and open string spectrum and from tadpole cancellation. Only real values of the discrete torsion parameter are allowed, i.e. ǫ = ±1. Orientifold models are related to real projective representations. In a similar way as complex projective representa...

In 1982, Prodinger and Tichy defined the Fibonacci number of a graph G to be the number of independent sets of the graph G. They did so since the Fibonacci number of the path graph Pn is the Fibonacci number Fn+2 and the Fibonacci number of the cycle graph Cn is the Lucas number Ln. The tadpole graph Tn,k is the graph created by concatenating Cn and Pk with an edge from any vertex of Cn to a pe...

The tadpole B-cell repertoire is less diverse than that of the adult frog; their antibodies are of lower affinity and are less heterogenous. In order to determine whether this difference is due to a lack of or a reduced rate of somatic hypermutation, we analyzed and compared cDNA sequences utilizing VH1 elements with germline counterparts in isogenic LG7 tadpoles during an immune response. Inde...

The tadpole conjecture suggests that the complete stabilization of complex structure deformations in Type IIB and F-theory flux compactifications is severely obstructed by bound on fluxes. More precisely, it states a large number moduli requires background with scales linearly stabilized fields. Restricting to asymptotic regions space, we give first conceptual argument explains this linear scal...