In 2007, Wilber presented the main altitude/hypoxic training methods used by elite athletes: ‘live high—train high’ (LHTH) and ‘live high—train low’ (LHTL); sleeping at altitude to gain the haematological adaptations (increased erythrocyte volume) but training at sea level to maximise performance (maintenance of sea-level training intensity and oxygen flux). The LHTL method can be accomplished ...

In this paper we deal with mathematical modeling of team sport games based on cellular automata (CA). We describe some developments of CA models of football. Presumable learning and optimization problems in team modeling based on CA are discussed. Some general problems are discussed which are related to the accounting of mentality of game participants.

After being notified that 2 high school football teammates from New York City were hospitalized with confirmed or suspected invasive group A streptococcal infections, we conducted an investigation of possible spread among other team members. This investigation highlights a need for guidelines on management of streptococcal and other infectious disease outbreaks in team sport settings.

Altitude training is to enhance performance. The fundamental theory behind altitude in that, by exposing an athlete environmental that low oxygen, (Hypoxic), the body will eventually adapt and improve its efficiency (acclimatized). In volley ball it necessary clarify effect of on hematological variables, increased oxygen intake, fitness factor, molecular adaptations, genetic adaptations acclima...

Background. Today, Building strong brands, Because of the extraordinary advantages that it creates, have been the marketing priorities of many organizations. Strong brands for a company, Creates an identity in the market. Objectives. This study aimed at Prioritizing factors affecting brand equity of popular football clubs in Iran. Methods. The design of the study was descriptive with practica...

Depression among elite athletes is a topic of increasing interest and public awareness. Currently, empirical data on elite athletes' depressive symptoms are rare. Recent results indicate sport-related mechanisms and effects on depression prevalence in elite athlete samples; specific factors associated with depression include overtraining, injury, and failure in competition. One such effect is t...

We propose automated sport game models as a novel technical means for the analysis of team sport games. The basic idea is that automated sport game models are based on a conceptualization of key notions in such games and probabilistically derived from a set of previous games. In contrast to existing approaches, automated sport game models provide an analysis that is sensitive to their context a...

Due to the promising effect of self-compassion interventions in sports, it was main goal this study investigate, if two aspects repetitive thinking, worry and rumination, mediate possible relation on competition anxiety women men different types sport (team- vs. individual sport). Two hundred ninety-three athletes participated, 127 were soccer players, 103 handball 63 practiced an sport. They c...

Sexual harassment and abuse occur in all sports and at all levels with an increased risk at the elite level. The physical and psychological consequences of sexual harassment and abuse are significant for the athlete, their team and for the health and integrity of sport in general. The sports medicine health professional has an integral role to play in the prevention of sexual harassment and abu...

Abstract Background The purpose of the present study was to investigate how an athlete’s participation in either individual or team sport is related their attitude toward psychology consulting and willingness consult a practitioner. Method Sport Psychology Attitudes-Revised form (SPA-R) (Martin, et al., Psychol 16:272-90, 2020) completed by 120 athletes from sports. A 2 (Type sport: team) × (Ge...