In 1992, Eggleston et al. ͓D. L. Eggleston et al., Phys. Fluids B 4, 3432 ͑1992͔͒ reported on a technique for measuring the radial temperature profile in a pure-electron plasma confined in a Malmberg-Penning trap by partially dumping the plasma onto a charge collector at the end of the trap. For short plasmas and short confining rings, the assumptions in their paper are violated and a more general ...

Temperature is a key parameter of the state of the atmosphere. Temperature data play an important role in such fields as atmospheric dynamics, climatology, meteorology, and chemistry, to name just a few. In addition to these direct geophysical applications, the atmospheric temperature profile is necessary as an input parameter to many remote-sensing techniques including lidar for the determinat...

Irradiated materials that are weakly absorbing are heated by both diffusive and direct heating. This creates various internal heating patterns and introduces the possibility of developing hot spots in the specimen that are not detected by surface monitoring. These systems are investigated for a single instantaneous radiation pulse and for a chain of such pulses. Characteristic times are identif...

Experiments performed on FTU tokamak, aiming at validation of physics-based transport models of the electron temperature profile resilience, are presented. ECRH is used to probe transport features, both in steady state and in response to time-varying heating, while LHCD is used for current density profile shaping. The experiments clearly show resiliency in the electron temperature profile respo...

We present results from a BeppoSAX observation of the rich cluster Abell 3266. The broadband spectrum (2-50 keV) of the cluster, when fitted with an optically thin thermal emission model, yields a temperature of 8.1+/-0.2 keV and a metal abundance of 0.17+/-0.02 in solar units, with no evidence of a hard X-ray excess in the Phoswich Detector System spectrum. By performing a spatially resolved s...

A numerical finite difference study has been earned out for two dimensional radiation-natural convection interaction phenomena in a vertical circular pin located at a non-participating (i.e. transparent) fluid. The coupled conservation equations in boundary layer (continuity, momentum, and energy equations) and pin energy equation are solved simultaneously using modified box method and fully im...

The temperature profile (TP) of the intracluster medium (ICM) is of primeval importance for deriving the dynamical parameters of the largest equilibrium systems known in the universe, in particular their total mass profile. Analytical models of the ICM often assume that the ICM is isothermal or parametrize the TP with a polytropic index γp. This parameter is ajusted to observations, but has in ...

Industrial distillation column control typically relies on one (or maybe two) carefully located tray temperature sensors. Here our aim is enhanced control by responding to movements in both the position and shape of the whole measured temperature profile. The control objective is to maintain end product specifications against feed composition disturbances using the measured temperatures and wit...