The number of multiresistant strains of bacteria in hospitals is increasing. Bacteria acquire resistance to antibiotics through mutations in their chromosomes and by incorporating new genes, either from the surrounding environment or from other bacteria. Now, a research team at the Portuguese CBA research (University of Lisbon) and the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência has shown that, surprisingl...

Many scholars and managers endorse the idea that the primary purpose of the !rm is to make money for its owners. This shareholder wealth maximization objective is justi!ed on the grounds that it maximizes social welfare. In this article, the !rst of a two-part set, we argue that, although this shareholder primacy model may have been appropriate in an earlier era, it no longer is, given our curr...