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Nowadays, science in all their fields tries to touch the limits of performance, the control policy is one of the most scientific fields who require very high level of accuracy and stability, therefore, scientists are always trying to bring new methodologies to improve the controllers criterias. The survey presented in this papers covers and explains the great contribution that brings the use of...

In the past year I have been inundated with articles on fuzzy logic as well as encouraged to use it for control systems. After reading some articles on fuzzy logic control, listening to a seminar by Zadeh, and attending a one day course on Intelligent Control, I started forming an opinion about how fuzzy logic control works. I believe that there are some fundamental pieces of information not pr...

The size of an organism reflects its metabolic rate, growth rate, mortality, and other important characteristics; therefore, the distribution of body size is a major determinant of ecosystem structure and function. Body-size distributions often are multimodal, with several peaks of abundant sizes, and previous studies suggest that this is the outcome of niche separation: species from distinct p...

The concept of change simply entails the totality of ways in which a particular entity has grown better and grown worse. Five studies suggest that this is not how people actually understand it for themselves. Rather, when asked to assess how they have "changed" over time, people bring to mind only how they have improved and neglect other trajectories (e.g., decline) that they have also experien...