Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury can be significantly reduced by an episode(s) of ischaemia-reperfusion applied prior to or during myocardial ischaemia (MI) to peripheral tissue located at a distance from the heart; this phenomenon is called remote ischaemic conditioning (RIc). Here, we compared the efficacy of RIc in protecting the heart when the RIc stimulus is applied prior to, during...

Hippocampal multiple unit activity was recorded in rabbits during each of four preacquisition treatments and during subsequent classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response. Three preexposure conditions were employed: CS alone presentations, presentations of the CS paired with a second, neutral stimulus, or unpaired presentations of the CS and second stimulus. It was predicted tha...

Yoked BLOCKINcomparisons BLOCKINof BLOCKINinstrumental-avoidance BLOCKINand BLOCKINclassical BLOCKINconditioning BLOCKINof BLOCKINthe rabbit BLOCKINnictitating BLOCKINmembrane BLOCKINresponse BLOCKINas BLOCKINa function BLOCKINof BLOCKINinterstimulus BLOCKINinterval BLOCKINand number BLOCKINof BLOCKINtrials BLOCKINper...

In this work, a residential air conditioning compressor designed for vapor injection has been modified in order to inject large quantities of oil into the working chamber in order to approach an isothermal compression process. For a range of different oil injection scenarios, the result is a monotonic decrease in compressor discharge temperature as the oil injection rate is increased. In additi...

A key finding in studies of the neurobiology of learning memory is that the amygdala is critically involved in Pavlovian fear conditioning. This is well established in delay-cued and contextual fear conditioning; however, surprisingly little is known of the role of the amygdala in trace conditioning. Trace fear conditioning, in which the CS and US are separated in time by a trace interval, requ...

We examined the importance of awareness for eyeblink conditioning by directly comparing single-cue delay eyeblink conditioning and single-cue trace eyeblink conditioning. During single-cue delay conditioning, participants who became aware of the stimulus contingencies early in the conditioning session conditioned no better than those who became aware later in the session or did not become aware...

The nociceptive system is endowed with powerful mechanisms to modify its own responsiveness to noxious stimuli, ranging from complete analgesia, e.g. in stressful fight or flight situations (Willer et al., 1981) to pronounced hyperalgesia, e.g. to better protect inflamed or injured tissue (Sandkühler, 2013). Changes in synaptic strength are a versatile and powerful means to modulate nociception...