Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) may be a very promising alternative method for the antimicrobial treatment of periodontitis. Several studies have demonstrated the sensitivity of subgingival flora to PDI using toluidine blue, methylene blue, and chlorin e6 derivatives. In the present study we report the activity of the Fotolon sensitizer, composed of chlorin e6 and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), ag...

A direct procedure for measuring serum monosaccharides is presented. Borate intensifies the colors produced when these substances react with o-toluidine, which, in the case of glucose and xylose, have absorption maxima at 480 nm and 630 nm, respectively. Thus, these sugars may be determined singly or simultaneously in a single sample by differential spectrophotometry. An alternative technique i...

A bioassay of 5-nitro-o-toluidine for possible carcinogenicity was conducted using Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. 5-Nitro-o-toluidine was administered in the feed, at either of two concentrations, to groups of 50 male and 50 female animals of each species. The time-weighted average high and low dietary concentrations of 5-nitro-o-toluidine were, respectively, 0.01 and 0.005 percent for rats,...

A series of poly(o-/m-toluidine-co-o-/m-chloroaniline) copolymers of different compositions were synthesized by an emulsion method with ammonium persulfate as the oxidant. The conductivity of the copolymers was two to five orders of magnitude higher than that of the homopolymers poly(o-toluidine) and poly(m-chloroaniline). Among the copolymers, the copolymer of o-toluidine and m-chloroaniline e...

Prilocaine and lidocaine are classified as amide-type local anesthetics for which serious adverse effects include methemoglobinemia. Although the hydrolyzed metabolites of prilocaine (o-toluidine) and lidocaine (2,6-xylidine) have been suspected to induce methemoglobinemia, the metabolic enzymes that are involved remain uncharacterized. In the present study, we aimed to identify the human enzym...