Topographic patterns are known to affect cellular processes such as adhesion, migration and differentiation. However, the optimal way to deliver topographic signals to provide cells with precise instructions has not been defined yet. In this work, we hypothesize that topographic patterns may be able to control the sensing and adhesion machinery of cells when their interval features are tuned on...

A comparative analysis is presented for empirical topographic normalization of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data in varied forest and topographic settings. The paired study included rugged areas of Glacier National Park, Montana, Linville Gorge Wilderness, North Carolina, and Green Mountains, Vermont, U.S.A. Empirical models of topographic bias achieved significant corrections in the Montana an...

A combination of subsurface borehole imaging data and drilling logs were used to characterize the fractures and lithology in 40 bedrock wells at the fractured-rock research site in the Mirror Lake area in Grafton County, New Hampshire. The purpose of the research was to determine whether subsurface lithology and fractures have an effect on the hydraulic conductivity of the crystalline-rock aqui...

Topology preservation of Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) is an advantageous property for correct clustering. Among several existing measures of topology violation, this paper studies the Topographic Function (TF) [1]. We find that this measuring method, demonstrated for low-dimensional data in [1], has a reliable foundation in its distance metric for the interpretation of the neighborhood relations...

Topographic data sets produced by the National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) are an essential part of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs). Both global and European developments will denote that the NMAs will have to adopt new strategies for managing topographic data. This paper will embrace some of the requirements and introduce a framework for topographic data management based on the analysis of stu...

The mapping function w = k log(z + a) is a widely accepted approximation to the topographic structure of primate V1 foveal and parafoveal regions. A better model, at the cost of an additional parameter, captures the full field topographic map in terms of the dipole map function w = k log[(z + a)/(z + b)]. However, neither model describes topographic shear since they are both explicitly complex-...

We are presenting computational principles for the integration of auditory and visual spatial information, focusing on aspects regarding the formation, alignment and plasticity disparity between auditory and visual topographic maps. These principles are illustrated in the form of a four-layer network associated to two simple, purely local, unsupervised learning rules. Two “external”, independen...

Human spatial encoding of three-dimensional navigable space was studied, using a virtual environment simulation. This allowed subjects to become familiar with a realistic scene by making simulated rotational and translational movements during training. Subsequent tests determined whether subjects could generalize their recognition ability by identifying novel-perspective views and topographic f...

Raster-based topographic maps are commonly used in geoinformation systems to overlay geographic entities on top of digital terrain models. Using compressed texture formats for encoding topographic maps allows reducing latency times while visualizing large geographic datasets. Topographic maps encompass high-frequency content with large uniform regions, making current compressed texture formats ...