The functional relationship between erosion rate and topography is central to understanding both controls on global sediment flux and the potential for feedback between tectonics, climate, and erosion in shaping topography. Analysis of a high-resolution (10-m-grid) DEM transect across the convergent orogen of the Olympic Mountains reveals a non-linear relation between long-term erosion rates an...

PURPOSE To determine if a direct relationship exists between the two common measures of corneal topography--axial and instantaneous powers--that are based on corneal slope or curvature, respectively. METHOD The theoretical relationship between axial and instantaneous powers was derived for unrestricted shapes using equations of basic calculus. RESULTS It was found that axial power at any po...

S U M M A R Y Collision between an undeformable indenter and a viscous region generates isostatically compensated topography by solid-state flow. We model this process numerically, using a finite element scheme. The slope, amplitude and symmetry of the topographic signal depend on the indenter size and the Argand number of the viscous region, a dimensionless ratio of gravitational body forces t...

The geological environment along the Sichuan-Tibet railway has characteristics of plate splitting, frequent disasters, complex topography, large cold climate, high and anoxia, etc. It is recognized by world as one most difficult projects so far. Based on construction tunnel entrance steep slope Railway, this paper conducts research construction, reinforcement protection slopes. integrated” syst...

A variety of environmental processes, including topography, edaphic and disturbance factors can influence vegetation composition. The relative influence of these patterns has been known to vary with scale, however, few studies have focused on environmental drivers of composition at the mesoscale. This study examined the relative importance of topography, catchment flow and soil in influencing t...

Determining the proximate causes of tooth wear remains a major focus of dental study. Here we compare the diets of three ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) populations and examine how different dietary components may contribute to patterns of wear-related tooth shape. Casts were made from dental impressions collected between 2003 and 2010 from lemurs in the gallery and spiny/mixed forests of the B...

0022-1694/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.047 * Corresponding author. Address: Department of F and Management, Oregon State University, 204 Peav 5706. Tel.: +1 541 737 8719; fax: +1 541 737 4316. E-mail address: [email protected] (L. H The links between soil water movement at the plot scale and runoff generation at the hillslope scale are highly no...

Turbidity currents distribute sediment across the seafloor, forming important archives of tectonic and climatic change on Earth’s surface. current deposition is affected by seafloor topography, therefore understanding interaction turbidity with topography increases our ability to interpret from stratigraphic record. Here, using Shields-scaled physical models currents, we aim better constrain ef...

Data obtained recently by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) were used to study the statistical properties of the topography and slopes on Mars. We find that the hemispheric dichotomy, manifested as an elevation difference, can be described by long baseline tilts but in places is expressed as steeper slopes. The bimodal hypsometry of elevations on Mars becomes unimodal when referenced to t...

Department of Civil Engineering (DCE), seat of Topography and Photogrammetry – Pisa University, cooperating with Excellence Centre for Telegeomatics Research of the Trieste University, is developing several methods in order to evaluate road’s cross slope. This measure is performed by use of instrumentation integrated on MMS vehicle GIGI One. In particular two different approaches are followed. ...