Abstract— Brushless motors are gaining attention from various Industrial manufactures because of its high efficiency, noise less operation and high speeds. In conventional control methods of Brushless Dc motors, the back electromotive force is assumed to be in ideal form i.e., Trapezoidal form, so that rectangular currents are injected from the inverter. In real time, the back-Emf may not to be...

ttv was first isolated from the serum of a japanese patient with post transfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology in 1977. ttv has been visualized by electron microscopy and was found to be an unenveloped, small, spherical particle with a diameter of 30-32 nm, and is a member of family related to circovridae family. the exact role of ttv in the pathogenesis of liver disease is yet to be establish...