This study aimed to evaluate the impact of self-efficacy in adopting carbohydrate counting behavior on their glycemic control, lipid profile and body weight among patients with type 2 diabetes. Self-efficacy was measured using chwarzer and Renner self-efficacy scale. All patients, regardless of their self-efficacy score, received an intervention composed of tailored diet plans based on the carb...

Six subjects exercised for 120 min on a cycle ergometer (65 (se 3) % VO2max) when ingesting a placebo or glucose, fructose or galactose (100 g in 1000 ml water) labelled with 13C. The oxidation of energy substrates including exogenous hexoses was compared using indirect respiratory calorimetry and 13CO2 production at the mouth. Total carbohydrate progressively decreased and total fat oxidation ...

Poor maternal nutrition is a major contributor to the high incidence of low birth weight deliveries in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the impact of second trimester maternal dietary intake on gestational weight gain and neonatal birth weight. A longitudinal study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Participants were 141 pregnant women at 18-24 weeks gestati...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) and liver steatosis (LS) are interlinked metabolic derangements whose prevalence is rapidly increasing, but the effect of dietary carbohydrate quality on LS is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective was to describe the relation of IR and LS to total carbohydrate, total dietary fiber, and the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load of the diet. DESIGN The study was...

BACKGROUND Diet is regarded as one of the most important environmental factors associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. A recent report comprehensively concluded that total energy intake does not have a simple relationship with CRC risk, and that the data were inconsistent for carbohydrate, cholesterol and protein. The objective of this study was to identify the associations of CRC risk wi...

BACKGROUND Low-carbohydrate diets are popular for weight loss, but their cardiovascular effects have not been well-studied, particularly in diverse populations. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet compared with a low-fat diet on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors. DESIGN A randomized, parallel-group trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00609271). SETTING A large...

The effects of carbohydrate or water ingestion on metabolism were investigated in seven male subjects during two running and two cycling trials lasting 60 min at individual lactate threshold using indirect calorimetry, U-14C-labeled tracer-derived measures of the rates of oxidation of plasma glucose, and direct determination of mixed muscle glycogen content from the vastus lateralis before and ...

High-carbohydrate diets have been linked to pancreatic cancer risk in case-control studies, but prospective studies have shown mostly null results. The authors investigated the associations of glycemic load, glycemic index, and carbohydrate intake with pancreatic cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Dietary intake was assessed by using a self-admini...

Both the amount and composition of food eaten influence body-weight regulation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether and by what mechanism excess dietary fat leads to greater fat accumulation than does excess dietary carbohydrate. We overfed isoenergetic amounts (50% above energy requirements) of fat and carbohydrate (for 14 d each) to nine lean and seven obese men. A whole-room c...

BACKGROUND Genetic factors that predict responses to diet may ultimately be used to individualize dietary recommendations. We used physiogenomics to explore associations among polymorphisms in candidate genes and changes in relative body fat (Delta%BF) to low fat and low carbohydrate diets. METHODS We assessed Delta%BF using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 93 healthy adults who cons...