Introduction: Recent years, many researchers have been observing a lot of asteroid reflectance spectra in the UV, visible to NIR at wavelength region [e.g., 1-4]. Reflectance spectroscopy of asteroid at this range should bring us a lot of information about its surface materials. Pyroxene and olivine have characteristic absorption bands in this wavelength range. Low-Ca pyroxene has two absorptio...

This work demonstrates the use of feedback control, coupled with a suitable actuator design, in manufacturing thin films whose surface morphology is characterized by a desired visible light reflectance/transmittance level. The problem is particularly important in the context of thin film manufacturing for thin film solar cells where it is desirable to produce thin films with precisely tailored ...

The paper describes the design and operation of a multi-angle spectrometer (MAS) for automatic measurement of near-field spectral reflectances of plant canopies at hourly intervals. A novel feature of the instrument is a rotating periscope connected to a spectrometer via a fiber optic cable. Canopy reflectances are calculated for multiple view azimuths, at a single zenith angle from measurement...

Vegetative surfaces are non-lambertian and deriving their spectral properties from space-borne sensors becomes complicated when off-nadir view angles are taken into consideration. In order to utilize off-nadir observations a complete understanding of directional reflectance is needed. This requires understanding of propagation of solar radiation as radiative transfer (RT) problem through a coup...

A unique wafer-scale self-organization process for generation of InP nanopillars is demonstrated, which is based on maskless ion-beam etching (IBE) of InP developed to obtain the nanopillars, where the height, shape, and orientation of the nanopillars can be varied by controlling the processing parameters. The fabricated InP nanopillars exhibit broadband suppression of the reflectance, 'black I...

Increases in anthropogenic aerosols in the atmosphere tend to increase the reflectance of solar (shortwave) radiation from water clouds, which can lead to lower surface temperatures. Here an opposing effect whereby aerosols increase the longwave emissivity of thin clouds that adds to the warming of the earth’s surface, is discussed. The latter effect may be particularly important in the Arctic,...

Y1.86Eu0.14WO6 phosphors were prepared using a solid-state reaction method. Their optical properties were analysed, and they was mixed with TiO2, sintered, and used as a photoelectrode (PE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The as-prepared photoelectrode was characterized by photoluminescence spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray diffract...

For this paper, we employ the Monte Carlo scene (MCScene) radiative transfer code to elucidate the underlying physics giving rise to the structure and colors of the antitwilight, i.e., twilight opposite the Sun. MCScene calculations successfully reproduce colors and spatial features observed in videos and still photos of the antitwilight taken under clear, aerosol-free sky conditions. Through s...

The reflectance spectrum of visible and near infrared light off of airless bodies in our Solar System gives us insight to surface mineralogy. However, this method of remote sensing is subjected to the space weathering effects of darkening and reddening optical spectra, along with changes to the depths of absorption bands over time. These optical changes are caused by nanophase iron blebs as a r...

Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) satellite (http://npp.gsfc.nasa.gov/viirs.html) began to daily collect global data following its successful launch on October 28, 2011. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a key NPP sensor. Similar to the design of the OLS, SeaWiFS and MODIS instruments, VIIRS has on-board calibration components including a solar diffuser (SD)...