Sequencing of a diploid PCR product that is heterozygous for an indel mutation and a downstream single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allows determination of haplotype phase. Manual determination of phase from trace files of this type is tedious; therefore, we introduce the Perl script TraceHaplotyper, which works from the expected sequence to analyze a sequencing trace file for the sites that a...

The process of matrix clean-up and extraction of analytes has a significant influence on the detection and determination of the analyte, especially in trace amounts. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are solid particles that can absorb specific molecules regarding the template molecule used in the synthesis process of each type of MIP. As a result, they can be used in more effective and mor...

The process of matrix clean-up and extraction of analytes has a significant influence on the detection and determination of the analyte, especially in trace amounts. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are solid particles that can absorb specific molecules regarding the template molecule used in the synthesis process of each type of MIP. As a result, they can be used in more effective and mor...

The voltammetric characteristics of bismuth(III)-oxinate in chloroform at the mercury electrode were investigated and a quasi-reversible behavior for Bi(III) oxinate reduction was confirmed. Preceded by the extraction of Bi(III) oxinate in chloroform, differential pulse polarography was developed in the extracts for determination of the trace-bismuth. The linear range of the calibration gra...

Ion pair dispersive liquid- liquid microextraction (IP-DLLME) method combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry was proposed for the determination of trace amounts of copper(II). By using pyrocatechol violet as chelating agent and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as an ion pairing agent, the trace amount of copper(II) was extracted in chloroform. The factors influencing the formation cop...

Mercury (Hg) causes hazardous cumulative effects in humans; like central nervous system disorders,hypertension and chromosomal aberrations. Therefore, due to high toxicity and bioaccumulationfactor, mercury determination and speciation in human blood is very important. A sensitive,accurate, precise and inexpensive method was demonstrated for preconcentration and speciationof ultra-trace mercury...

Tipton (1960), Butt et al. (1964), and Stitch (1957) have shown that 20 trace metals are consistently present in human tissues although only seven of these are known to be essential to man. In addition to the ingestion of trace metals from food, materials such as paints, plastics, and rubbers, which contain many metals, may be mouthed and chewed by children. Excessive ingestion of lead is a wel...

It is a well known fact that minera l plays an important role in the nutrition of animal and plant. The t race elements, which are a part of the mineral and exi st in a very small amount in the living bodies, include not only essential elements but also harmfu l and useless elements. In the researches up until now, physiological significance or essentiality for living body of such elements as c...