In this study, the performance of Sevcik’s algorithm that calculates the fractal dimension and permutation entropy as discriminants to detect calming and insight meditation in electroencephalographic (EEG) signals was assessed. The proposed methods were applied to EEG recordings from meditators practicing insight meditation and calming meditation before as well as during both types of meditatio...

Many, if not all, great discoveries in psychopharmacology resulted, as Donald Klein noted,[1] “from chance observations of unexpected clinical benefits or as inadvertent outcomes of blind pharmaceutical searches.” One of such discoveries, by Cade J[2] in the late 1940's, was the calming anti-manic effect of lithium. Cade first noticed a calming effect of lithium in guinea pigs. He decided to te...

The installation of Traffic-Calming Devices (TCDs) is an extremely valuable countermeasure to prevent vulnerable road users from fatalities in urban contexts. Among all the TCDs, Berlin Speed Cushions (BSCs) seem be one most promising because they reduce speeds but do not affect emergency vehicles. However, previous research on BSCs limited and lacks some important aspects, such as analysis at ...

Abstract Street design plays an important role in controlling vehicular speed. This has a direct impact on enhancing the safety of road users and quality environment for residents living adjacent to streets. The increasing accidents every day is worrisome. other adversely affected when drivers travel at high speeds. Speeding also cause noise air pollution, which may negatively community livabil...

A variety of policy instruments that impose restrictions on traffic are being put in place across European cities to improve urban air quality. These measures include various schemes such as congestion charges, low emission zones (LEZs) and other calming measures. In this paper, we interested the public acceptance LEZs. Recent studies show high levels support for LEZs Europe. However, specific ...

Traffic accidents have become an important health and social problem due to the enormous number of fatalities and injuries. The total number of deaths and injuries in the European Union (EU), United States of America (USA) and Japan has been steadily reduced over the last decade. This reduction is mainly attributed to the implementation of a set of road safety measures, such as seat-belt use, v...

What makes something interesting? Appraisal research has proposed two appraisal structures for the emotion of interest. One model (Smith & Ellsworth, 1985) contends that appraised pleasantness is central to interest, whereas an alternative model (Silvia, 2005b) contends that pleasantness is unnecessary for interest. An experiment tested these competing predictions. Participants viewed calming a...

Psychostimulants show therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is generally assumed that they ameliorate ADHD symptoms via interfering with monoaminergic signaling. We combined behavioral pharmacology, neurochemistry and molecular analyses to identify mechanisms underlying the paradoxical calming effect of amphetamine in low trait anxiety beha...

Urban road safety management is usually characterized by the lack of sufficient, good quality crash data and low budgets to obtain it even though many traffic accidents occur there. For example, 54 percent of road crashes in Spain take place in urban areas, and 10 percent of urban fatal crashes occur on crosstown roads, which are rural roads that traverse small communities. Traffic calming meas...