background: central renin angiotensin system has an important role on the cerebral microcirculation and metabolism. our previous work showed that inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) activity prior to induction of ischemia protected the brain from severe ischemia/reperfusion (i/r) injuries. this study evaluated the impacts of post-ischemic inhibition of ace, enalapril, on brain inf...

Introduction: Nitric oxide seems to play a dual role in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Few studies have investigated whether it exacerbates or improves brain edema. In the present study, we inhibited the activity of nitric oxide synthase by L-NAME and evaluated the cerebral infarct volume, tissue swelling and brain edema, alongside the measurement of blood flow of the ischemic region. Methods: Tr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral ischemia has been shown to result in peripheral inflammatory responses followed by long-lasting immunosuppression. Our recent study demonstrated that intravenous delivery of regulatory T cells (Tregs) markedly protected against transient cerebral ischemia by suppressing neutrophil-derived matrix metallopeptidase 9 production in the periphery. However, the effect ...

objective(s): stroke poses a crucial risk for mortality and morbidity. our study aimed to investigate the effect of p-coumaric acid on focal cerebral ischemia in rats. material and methods: rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely group i (control rats), group ii (ischemia rats), group iii (6 hr ischemia + p-coumaric acid rats) and group iv (24 hr ischemia + p-coumaric acid rats). ce...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have previously shown that nicotinamide (NAm) acutely reduces brain infarction induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats. In this study, we investigate whether NAm may protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury by improving sensory and motor behavior as well as brain infarction volumes in a model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. METHO...

Recurrent stroke often consists of a transient ischemic attack or mild stroke followed by a moderate stroke. Lacking is knowledge of the mechanisms of interaction of such multiple ischemic insults. Our aim was to develop a rat model of recurrent stroke and to test whether such multiple insults would enhance brain injury. A mild focal ischemic insult was produced by transient (40min) occlusion o...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Zinc has been reported to possess both neurotoxic and neuroprotective capabilities. The effects of elevated intracellular zinc accumulation following transient focal cerebral ischemia remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we investigated whether removing zinc with the membrane-permeable zinc chelator, N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN), would decreas...

ARTERIAL STENOSIS, thrombosis, embolization and vasospasm often produce a reduction in regional brain perfusion to levels which result in focal cerebral ischemia. The metabolic consequences of this ischemic insult produce neurologic deficits which may be reversible or irreversible, depending Upon both the depth and duration of the ischemia. Therefore, the study of factors influencing cerebral b...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypothermia is potentially the most effective protective therapy for brain ischemia; however, its use is limited because of serious side effects. Although focal hypothermia (FH) has a significantly lower stress profile than systemic hypothermia (SH), its efficacy in ischemia has been poorly studied. We aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of each treatment on various ...