The Transition Zone Chlorophyll Front (TZCF) is a dynamic region of elevated chlorophyll concentrations in the Northeast Pacific that migrates from southern winter (February) extent approximately 30°N to northern summer (August) 40°N. transition zone has been highlighted as important habitat for marine animals and fisheries. We re-examine physical biological drivers seasonal TZCF variability us...

The Alfvén radius, rA, at which solar wind radial outflow speed exceeds the wave speed, is an important parameter in understanding evolution extended corona. mean angular momentum scales with axisymmetric steady-state approximation, so radius often referenced study of corotation and dynamics. derived from magnetic-field intensity plasma mass density. In inner coronal regions, these parameters w...

We constrain SH and P wave velocity structures in the upper mantle beneath southern Africa, using triplicated phases recorded in the epicentral distance range of 11°–28° for one shallow event. We then explore thermal and compositional models appropriate for explaining the inferred seismic structures in the region. Both SH and P wave data suggest presence of a low velocity zone with velocity red...

Abstract Freshwater salinization is a common yet underappreciated environmental problem in rivers, how this process impacts the transport of dissolved oxygen (DO) hyporheic zone remains unknown. Using flume experiments and numerical simulations, we have demonstrated that morphological dynamics DO transition are controlled by dimensionless number Da·Ra −2 , measure rate aerobic respiration to fr...