Can two different descriptions refer to the same event or action? Recognising that dissimilar strings are equivalent in meaning for some purpose is something that humans do rather well, but it is a task at which machines often fail. In the Natural Language Processing Group at Microsoft Research, we are attempting to address this challenge at sentence scale by generating semantically equivalent ...

OBJECTIVE To develop a conceptually equivalent Chinese-language translation of the eighteen-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. DESIGN In the current qualitative study, we (i) highlight methodological challenges which arise in developing survey instruments that will be used to make comparisons across language groups and (ii) describe the development of a Chinese-language translatio...

Translation Epistemology: Implied and Expressed The starting point for determining the nature of translation epistemology, which develops in parallel to philosophical theory cognition, is distinguish an internal epistemology that permeates field communication – one varieties verbal textual communication. Its goals are cognitive exploratory. Cognition refers essence translational communication, ...

Word based translation models in particular and phrase based translation models in general assume that a word in any context is equivalent to the same word in any other context. Yet, this is not always true. The words in a sentence are not generated independently. The usage of each word is strongly affected by its immediate neighboring words. The state-ofthe-art machine translation (MT) methods...

The article focuses on the terminological derivation of modern English-language economic discourse terminology as one ways English word-stock enriching, studies structure multicomponent phrases in mentioned sphere. main are following: terminologization, derivation, borrowing a term from another language, literal translation, abbreviation. study distinguishes two-, three-, four-, five-, six- and...

translation is under the influence of para-lingual factors on all lingual levels(lexicon,syntax,sound,etc.).one of these factors is the religious presuppositions that engage the mind in selecting equivalent words in the target language,which leads to the appearance of multiple translations of a single text.throughout the centuries,some nations and organizations,in order to create a certain effe...

The time course of cross-script translation priming and repetition priming was examined in two different scripts using a combination of the masked priming paradigm with the recording of event-related potentials (ERPs). Japanese-English bilinguals performed a semantic categorization task in their second language (L2) English and in their first language (L1) Japanese. Targets were preceded by a v...

In translation practice, typological differences between languages can pose problems in such a way that the translator has to compensate a source language structure which does not exist in the target language. It is, however, not always easy to find an adequate translation equivalent for such a lacking structure. The aim of this paper is to show how a multiply annotated and aligned corpus can b...

During the last two decades, bilingual research has adopted the masked translation priming paradigm as a tool to investigate the architecture of the bilingual language system. Although there is now a consensus about the existence of forward translation priming (from native language primes (L1) to second language (L2) translation equivalent targets), the backward translation priming effect (from...