This paper investigates the use of ant-colony optimization, simulated annealing, and genetic algorithms for distribution network expansion planning (DNEP) including distributed generation (DG). It may be introduced as a combinatorial optimization method that determines the location and capacity of feeders and substations while minimizing the network loss and installation cost. In this paper, DG...

In recent years, significant research efforts have been devoted to the optimal planning of power systems. Substation Expansion Planning (SEP) as a sub-system of power system planning consists of finding the most economical solution with the optimal location and size of future substations and/or feeders to meet the future demand. The large number of design variables, and combination of discrete ...

The outage of power system equipment is one the most important factors that affect reliability and economy system. It crucial to consider influence contingencies elaborately in planning problem. In this paper, a distributionally robust transmission expansion model proposed which uncertainty contingency probability considered. described by interval based on rate single equipment. An epigraph ref...