The efficiency of transplacental transfer of measles specific antibody was assessed in relation to placental malaria. Infection at delivery was associated with a 30% decrease in expected cord measles antibody titres. Uninfected women who received anti-malarial drugs during pregnancy transmitted 30% more antibody than those who received no antimalarial drugs.

Malaria is a neglected tropical disease, whose main form of transmission occurs through the bite female Anopheles mosquito infected by parasite Plasmodium sp. Its clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic cases to more severe and fatal conditions. Added this natural mechanism, many studies report that one infectious diseases transmitted transfusion. There are reports prevalence among blood dono...

Burden of Viral Hepatitis on Human Health Compared to better-publicized infectious diseases such as HIV or malaria, viral hepatitis is often referred to as a silent killer. • Of the five hepatitis viruses (A-E), hepatitis B, C, and D viruses cause chronic liver disease leading to cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer. Hepatitis B, C and D viruses, transmitted through blood and body fluids, ...

Distribution, abundance, feeding behaviour, host preference, parity status and human-biting and infection rates are among the medical entomological parameters evaluated when determining the vector capacity of mosquito species. To evaluate these parameters, mosquitoes must be collected using an appropriate method. Malaria is primarily transmitted by anthropophilic and synanthropic anophelines. T...

A recent upsurge of malaria in endemic-disease areas with explosive epidemics in many parts of Africa is probably caused by many factors, including rapidly spreading resistance to antimalarial drugs, climatic changes, and population movements. In Africa, malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum and is transmitted by Anopheles gambiae complex. Control efforts have been piecemeal and not coordi...

Malaria at present is still one of the important mosquito-borne diseases in Indonesia. The disease is widespread all over the country and involves nearly all islands. Sixteen Anopheles species have been reconfirmed as malaria vectors. They were distributed geographically as follows: Coastal areas and lagoons ----An sundizicus and An.subpictus Cultivated ricefields and swampy areas ----An.aconit...

During the last years, immigration has increased and, consequently, the pool of foreign donors and associated infectious diseases from exotic countries (especially from the tropics) has also increased. Only a few cases of malaria transmitted via different donation sources have been published. In the present report, a Plasmodium vivax transmitted through a multiorgan donation is reported. In con...

The average age of humans at their first infection with Plasmodium falciparum is typically less than 1 year in most endemic areas. This has been interpreted as evidence of the high transmissibility of the parasite, with the implication that control of malaria will require high levels of coverage with a potential vaccine. This interpretation is challenged by mathematical models that demonstrate ...

Plasmodium sporozoites, the mosquito-transmitted forms of the malaria parasite, first infect the liver for an initial round of replication before the emergence of pathogenic blood stages. Sporozoites represent attractive targets for antimalarial preventive strategies, yet the mechanisms of parasite entry into hepatocytes remain poorly understood. Here we show that the two main species causing m...

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by the infectious bite of Anopheles mosquitoes. Vector control of malaria has predominantly focused on targeting the adult mosquito through insecticides and bed nets. However, current vector control methods are often not sustainable for long periods so alternative methods are needed. A novel biocontrol app...