Soil organic carbon (SOC) is known as a vital ecosystem service, resulting from interactions of ecological processes. It important for its contributions to food production, mitigation, and adaptation climate change. In this study, we investigated the relationship between tree density trunk circumference with soil chemical properties in small line area located Józsefmajor, Hungary. The interrela...

With the rapid explosion of information based on location, spatial clustering plays an increasingly significant role in this day and age as an important technique in geographical data analysis. Most existing spatial clustering algorithms are limited by complicated spatial patterns, which have difficulty in discovering clusters with arbitrary shapes and uneven density. In order to overcome such ...

Given a probabilistic graphical model, its density of states is a distribution that, for any likelihood value, gives the number of configurations with that probability. We introduce a novel message-passing algorithm called Density Propagation (DP) for estimating this distribution. We show that DP is exact for tree-structured graphical models and is, in general, a strict generalization of both s...

Halton A. Peters* Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA *Correspondence: E-mail: hpeters@globalecology. stanford.edu Abstract Density-dependent mortality has long been posited as a possible mechanism for the regulation of tropical forest tree density. Despite numerous experimental and phenomenological investigations, the extent to which such mechanisms ...

Low density plantings complemented by natural regeneration is an increasingly common reforestation technique to ensure growth of a sufficient number of trees from desired species while maintaining natural processes such as succession. One such form of low density planting that aims at lowering establishment costs—oak clusters—has been developed as an alternative to row planting since the 1980s ...

estimation and mapping of forest resources are preconditions for management, planning and research. in this study, we applied kriging interpolation of geostatistics for estimation and mapping of forest stock at-tributes in a natural, uneven-aged, unmanaged forest in the caspian region of northern iran. the site of the study has an area of 516 ha and an elevation that ranges from 1100 to 1450 m ...

Most of the currently deployed multicast protocols (e.g. DVMRP, PIM, MOSPF) build one shortest path multicast tree per sender, the tree being rooted at the sender’s subnetwork. This paper examines the stability of such a tree, specifically, ”How does the number of links change as the number of multicast users in a group changes?” Two modelling assumptions are made. We assume that (a) packets ar...

High density clusters can be characterized by the connected components of a level set L(λ) = {x : p(x) > λ} of the underlying probability density function p generating the data, at some appropriate level λ ≥ 0. The complete hierarchical clustering can be characterized by a cluster tree T = ⋃ λ L(λ). In this paper, we study the behavior of a density level set estimate L̂(λ) and cluster tree estim...