The treatment of domestic sewage at low temperature was studied in a two-anaerobic-step system followed by an aerobic step, consisting of an anaerobic filter (AF) + an anaerobic hybrid (AH) + polyurethane-foam trickling filter (PTF). The AF+AH system was operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3+6 h at a controlled temperature of 13 degrees C, while the PTF was operated without wastewat...

The use of vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) is well developed in France and other countries for the treatment of wastewaters from small communities. The patented Azoé® process has been developed by a French company, SCIRPE, in order to improve denitrification and phosphorus removal as compared to classical VFCWs. It includes a biological trickling filter pretreatment followed by two s...

Water contamination was a serious problem throughout the world. Various technologically advanced treatment methodologies for example activated sludge process, membrane bioreactor, trickling filter, rotating biological contractor and oxidation ditch are widely studied well documented adopted in practice. However, attention to promising low-investment-cost technologies such as slow waste water tr...

Microprofiles of O2 and NO3- were measured in nitrifying biofilms from the trickling filter of an aquaculture water recirculation system. By use of a newly developed biosensor for NO3-, it was possible to avoid conventional interference from other ions. Nitrification was restricted to a narrow zone of 50 microns on the very top of the film. In the same biofilms, the vertical distributions of me...

The aim of this work was the study a trickling biofilter, where water was circulated throughout the bed. In the first steady state experiment, the packing materials used were 25mm Pall rings. The airflow rate was increased gradually and the concentration of styrene in the air stream was held constant. In the second experiment, 15mm Pall rings were used. In this case, the feed contained both sty...

The past decade has seen a number of studies of how the poverty incidence (the percentage of families below the poverty line) of certain demographic groups changes in response to economic growth. In the pre!3ent study, the responsiveness of family income to regional economic growth is examined for a sample of rural and rural poor Wisconsin families with nonaged, nQndisabled heads. Ordinary leas...

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) reportedly make up approximately half of the organic matter in activated sludge (AS), and therefore strongly influence AS properties. This study evaluated component fractions EPS normalized to volatile suspended solids (VSS) waste (WAS) from a trickling-filter-solids contact process (TF/SC) its ability biosorb raw wastewater with 30 min time. Biosorption...